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The thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body. This gland is found in the neck inferior to (below) the thyroid cartilage (also known as the Adam's apple in men) and at approximately the same level as the cricoid cartilage. The thyroid controls how quickly the body burns energy, makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones.

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Wikipedia about thyroid

The thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body. This gland is found in the neck inferior to (below) the thyroid cartilage (also known as the Adam's apple in men) and at approximately the same level as the cricoid cartilage. The thyroid controls how quickly the body burns energy, makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones.

The thyroid participates in these processes by producing thyroid hormones, principally thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones regulate the rate of metabolism and affect the growth and rate of function of many other systems in the body. Iodine is an essential component of both T3 and T4. The thyroid also produces the hormone calcitonin, which plays a role in calcium homeostasis.

The thyroid is controlled by the hypothalamus and pituitary. The gland gets its name from the Greek word for "door", after the shape of the related thyroid cartilage. Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) and hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) are the most common problems of the thyroid gland.

Anatomy

The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ and is composed of two cone-like lobes or wings: lobus dexter (right lobe) and lobus sinister (left lobe), connected with the isthmus. The organ is situated on the anterior side of the neck, lying against and around the larynx and trachea, reaching posteriorly the oesophagus and carotid sheath. It starts cranially at the oblique line on the thyroid cartilage (just below the laryngeal prominence or Adam's apple) and extends inferiorly to the fourth to sixth tracheal ringFact: date=January 2008. It is difficult to demarcate the gland's upper and lower border with vertebral levels as it moves position in relation to these during swallowing.

The thyroid gland is covered by a fibrous sheath, the capsula glandulae thyroidea, composed of an internal and external layer. The external layer is anteriorly continuous with the lamina pretrachealis fasciae cervicalis and posteriorolaterally continuous with the carotid sheath. The gland is covered anteriorly with infrahyoid muscles and laterally with the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Posteriorly, the gland is fixed to the cricoid and tracheal cartilage and cricopharyngeus muscle by a thickening of the fascia to form the posterior suspensory ligament of Berry. In variable extent, Zuckerkandl's tubercle, a pyramidal extension of the thyroid lobe, is present at the most posterior side of the lobe . In this region the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the inferior thyroid artery pass next to or in the ligament and tubercle. Between the two layers of the capsule and on the posterior side of the lobes there are on each side two parathyroid glands.

Search results for Thyroid

Your Thyroid - EndocrineWeb

Describes the endocrine gland, thyroid, and common thyroid problems including cancer.www.endocrineweb.com/thyroid.html

Thyroid Cancer - National Cancer Institute

Features information on causes and treatment, clinical trials, prevention, genetics, screening and testing, and research and statistics.www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/thyroid

EndocrineWeb.com

Information on thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pancreas disorders, including diabetes, thyroid goiters, and osteoporosis, written by physicans for patients and their families.www.endocrineweb.com/

Thyroid Disease - About.com

Articles, bulletin boards, and links.thyroid.about.com/

Santa Monica Thyroid Diagnostic Center

Online service for people seeking information and treatment for thyroid disease.www.thyroid.com/

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News about Thyroid

Your Health: Proper thyroid hormone balance has an impact on nail hardness

Tri-State NeighborAg Directory South Dakota ag business directory. Nuts & Bolts Quaterly manufacturer product directory.http://www.tristateneighbor.com/articles/2008/10/02/tri_stat...

Consultation on alternative thyroid treatment

Scoop.co.nzPHARMAC has begun consultation on a proposal to subsidise a further brand of the thyroid treatment levothyroxine. Consultation is a further step towards introducing an alternative to the Eltroxin brand that is currently funded.http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/GE0809/S00175.htm

Why women worry, and what to do about it

CNNThese are times not for the faint of heart. Not for the faint of wallet either. With the stock market seemingly out of control and with prices on goods and services taking a page from Buzz Lightyear's playbook and going "to infinity and beyond," it's a tense time for many.http://www.cnn.com/2008/HEALTH/10/03/hfh.women.anxiety/index...

Alzheimer's expert Doraiswamy answers your questions

USA TodayP. Murali Doraiswamy, author of the popular new book The Alzheimer's Action Plan, answers readers questions here and in the live forum in the comment section below.http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2008-10-02-q-and-a-dorai...

Yoga for hyperthyroidism

rediff.comIn yoga, most poses work on the thyroid gland. This works in preventing hormone-related problems. In cases of thyroid trouble, too, a yogic therapy may complement conventional treatment.http://www.rediff.com/rss/redirect.php?url=http://specials.r...

News about Thyroid

Treating Thyroiditis Naturally

Seattle Post Intelligencer BlogsThyroiditis is an autoimmune endocrine condition in which the body makes antibodies against its own thyroid hormone production. If you suffer from thyroiditis, conventional medicine will offer thyroid replacement therapy, but there are also more ... http://blog.seattlepi.nwsource.com/hormonallychallenged/arch...

Parsley offers many health benefits, flavor enhancements

NWI.comParsley aids oxygen metabolism and assists the maintenance of adrenal and thyroid glands, has a diuretic effect, stimulates digestive enzymes, encourages the intestines, making it a healthy addition worth including in your favored recipes. There are ... http://www.thetimesonline.com/articles/2008/10/11/features/f...

Total Or Near Total Thyroidectomy In Patients With Multifocal ...

Medical News Today ... treated with less than near total thyroidectomy compared to patients with unifocal papillary cancer who are treated with less than near total thyroidectomy, according to data presented on Oct 2, 2008 at the 79th Annual Meeting of the American Thyroid ... http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/124189.php

High level of flame-retardant chemical found in CA

San Diego Union-TribunePBDEs have been shown in animals to cause thyroid hormone disruption and to interfere with developing reproductive and nervous systems. The research team collected samples from 49 homes in the San Francisco Bay area cities of Richmond and Bolinas ... http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/state/20081004-0306-ca-fl...

Victor Harbor cancer 'hoax' woman Angie Emma Walsh to face magistrate

News.com.auWalsh, 31, told a local newspaper and radio station she had terminal thyroid cancer and leukaemia in March. The court has previously heard that all the donated money was recovered. The alleged con artist appeared in Holden Hill Magistrates Court this ... http://www.news.com.au/adelaidenow/story/0,22606,24470747-26...

Search results for Thyroid

Thyroid Australia Home

Provides personal support, counselling, information and training. Aims to raise awareness and interest in thyroid conditions.http://www.thyroid.org.au/

Thyroid.org: Patient Resources

Welcome to the Patient Information Site of the American Thyroid Association (ATA)http://www.thyroid.org/patients/patients.html

Thyroid | Thyroid Disease | Medscape

Thyroid disease in its myriad forms includes 4 main types: hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, benign thyroid disease, and thyroid cancers.http://www.medscape.com/resource/thyroid-disease

THYROID DISEASE MANAGER, Top Source on all aspects of thyroid disease ...

complete source on thyroid disease, authoritative, constantly up-dated, down-loadable, free, for MDs worldwide.Prepared by world-renowned experts, and visited by thousands of MDs ... http://www.thyroidmanager.org/

Dr. Guttler's Santa Monica Thyroid Diagnostic Center - thyroid cancer ...

Dr. Guttler's Thyroid Center - Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy, thyroid cysts, thyroid oncologist, thyroid goiter, pituitary hypothyroid, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves ... http://www.thyroid.com/
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Lose Weight By Exercising Your Thyr...

Lose Weight By Exercising Your Thyroid For Natural Weight Losshttp://www.andreaalbright.com Yoga can help you lose weight. Diet and exercise are not enough. Many yoga postures help you regulate your endocrine system. Learn more in my FREE...Flash - Video

Effects of Thyroid Disease

Effects of Thyroid DiseaseThyroid disease can affect the body's metabolism, growth, weight, temperature and energy level. Here's more information on the different types of thyroid disease and how they...Video - Video

Doctor Seeks More Thyroid Cancer Ed...

Doctor Seeks More Thyroid Cancer EducationThe first sign of thyroid cancer is usually a bump on the neck. Mia Lee reports.Windows Media - Video

Examination of the Thyroid Gland

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Health Matters: Thyroid

Health Matters: ThyroidHealth Matters: Thyroid UCTV: UC San Diego 28 min 36 sec - Oct 18, 2001 Thyroid disease can be a complex and severely detrimental condition Wolfgang H. Dillmann, M.D. discusses the biology of the th...flash: 0 MB w:320px - h:240px

Low Thyroid Saliva Test featuring D...

Low Thyroid Saliva Test featuring Dr. Howard E. Hagglund M.D....Low Thyroid Saliva Test featuring Dr. Howard E. Hagglund M.D. 9 min 38 sec - Nov 4, 2006 Low Thyroid is affecting literally millions of people and this video discusses the need to use a saliva test ...flash: 0 MB w:320px - h:240px

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8389.rmThis program explores the basic physiology and pathophysiology of thyroid nodules and current strategies for treatment, featuring Endocrinologist Dr. Pamela Prescott . Watch it now using RealPlayer.realmedia: 2.8 MB w:240px - h:180px

Answers for Thyroid

nonyabiznas

What are the most common treatment methods for thyroid problems?

nonyabiznasFIRST THING~ If your doctor won't listen to YOU, get a new one! YOU KNOW when your body is good & when it's not! I refuse to listen to someone who won't listen to me...because they think they know it ...
blondie

What are the symptoms of a thyroid diorder in a child age 9?

blondieo poor memory and concentration o tiredness & fatigue o depression o irritability o weight gain o muscle weakness and cramps o intolerance to cold weather o deteriorating or slowing growth rate...
chappowers40

What percentage of the time does thyroid removal injury vocal cord nerves?

chappowers40I have had my thyroids removed it is about a 50/50 chance. they are so close to the voice box and the cancerous cells could also be higher or lower I had non cancerous ones. It is not a bad surgery an...
ipguy

What type of doctor should I see for thyroid evaluation?

ipguyendocrinologist
Vicky

How long does it take for canine thyroid tablets to take effect?

VickyMy cocker mix is on .06 a day. She gets half a pill in the morning and half at night. You'll notice a change in the energy level in a day or so. The coat takes time. You'll also have to revisi...

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