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Shorthand is an abbreviated and/or symbolic writing method that increases speed or brevity of writing as compared to a normal method of writing a language. The process of writing in shorthand is called stenography, from the Greek stenos (narrow) and graphē or graphie (writing). It has also been called brachygraphy, from Greek brachys (short) and tachygraphy, from Greek tachys (swift, speedy), depending on whether compression or speed of writing is the goal. Many forms of shorthand exist. A typical shorthand system provides symbols or abbreviations for words and common phrases, which can allow someone well trained in the system to write as quickly as people speak. Abbreviation methods are alphabet-based and use different abbreviating approaches. Speedwriting by Emma Dearborn requires memorization of a unique abbreviation to a corresponding word.

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Wikipedia about shorthand

Shorthand is an abbreviated and/or symbolic writing method that increases speed or brevity of writing as compared to a normal method of writing a language. The process of writing in shorthand is called stenography, from the Greek stenos (narrow) and graphē or graphie (writing). It has also been called brachygraphy, from Greek brachys (short) and tachygraphy, from Greek tachys (swift, speedy), depending on whether compression or speed of writing is the goal. Many forms of shorthand exist. A typical shorthand system provides symbols or abbreviations for words and common phrases, which can allow someone well trained in the system to write as quickly as people speak. Abbreviation methods are alphabet-based and use different abbreviating approaches. Speedwriting by Emma Dearborn requires memorization of a unique abbreviation to a corresponding word.

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Classical Antiquity

The earliest known indication of shorthand systems is from Ancient Greece, namely the Acropolis stone (Akropolisstein) from mid-4th century BC. The marble slab shows a writing system primarily based on vowels, using certain modifications to indicate consonants.

Hellenistic tachygraphy is reported from the 2nd century BC onwards, though there are indications that it might be older. The oldest datable reference is a contract from Middle Egypt, stating that Oxyrhynchos gives his Greek slave to the "semeiographer" Apollonios for two years to be taught shorthand writing. Hellenistic tachygraphy consisted of word stem signs and word ending signs. Over time, many syllabic signs were developed.

In Ancient Rome, Marcus Tullius Tiro (103 BC–4 BC), a slave and later a freedman of Cicero, developed the Tironian notes so he could write down Cicero's speeches. The Tironian notes consisted of word stem abbreviations (notae) and of word ending abbreviations (titulae). The original Tironian notes consisted of about 4000 signs but new signs were introduced so that their number might increase to as many as 13,000. In order to have a less complex writing system, a syllabic shorthand script was used sometimes.

It is possible that the use of shorthand in antiquity was associated in some way with the Art of Memory, which used notae, in combination with memorized places and images, as the basis of mnemonic training in the rhetorical tradition. Shorthand notae may have also been an integral part of a 'magical' art of memory, the Ars Notoria.Frances Yates, in her work The Art of Memory (1966) p43, discusses the association of a trained memory with the magical use of shorthand signs (notae):

"It may have been out of this atmosphere that there was formed a tradition which, going underground for centuries and suffering transformations in the process, appeared in the Middle Ages as the Ars Notoria, a magical art of memory attributed to Apollonius or sometimes to Solomon. The practitioner of the Ars Notoria gazed at figures or diagrams curiously marked and called 'notae' whilst reciting magical prayers. He hoped to gain in this way knowledge of memory, of all the arts and sciences, a different 'nota' being provided for each discipline. The Ars Notoria is perhaps a bastard descendant of the classical art of memory, or of that difficult branch of it which used the shorthand notae."

Search results for Shorthand

Shorthand for Windows: Keyboard Automation, Word Expander and ...

Using Shorthand with the new. Microsoft Vista operating system. ... Download Shorthand. What's New in Version 10. Licensing and Registration ...www.pcshorthand.com/

Gregg shorthand - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gregg shorthand is the most popular form of pen stenography in the United States ... Gregg shorthand has also been adapted for several other languages. ...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregg_shorthand

A Guide to Alternative Handwriting and Shorthand Systems

A brief look at various handwriting and shorthand systems and why they're needed. ... Here's an example from The Joy of Pitman Shorthand. ...www.alysion.org/handy/althandwriting.htm

Shorthand Press - Welcome

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shorthand - Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary

Definition of shorthand from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary with audio pronunciations, thesaurus, Word of the Day, and word games.www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/shorthand

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News about Shorthand

Red-tape nightmare

Mail and GuardianThe map will replace this text. If any users do not have Flash Player 8 (or above), they'll see this message.http://www.mg.co.za/article/2008-09-17-red-tape-nightmare

The Big Question: What was Roosevelt's New Deal, and is something like it needed today?

IndependentWhy are we asking this now?http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/the-big-que...

2 mistakes PRI will confess

Current (Public Broadcasting)History is made on this page today, as an executive of a national organization in public broadcasting admits to something less than perfection. At last report he was director of content development and strategy at Public Radio International in Minneapolis.http://www.current.org/radio/radio0816fair-game-mistakes.sht...

DTH Archives

The Daily Tar HeelOne morning in 1994, when Anna Hayes was combing her hair in front of a mirror before heading to work, she decided she should take the opportunity to chronicle the life of Susie Sharp, who inspired her to become an attorney.http://www.dailytarheel.com/online_extras/online_exclusives/...

Bob Shallit: Restaurateur plans takeover of Rocklin's shuttered Zinfandel Grille

The Sacramento BeeLocal restaurateur Geoff Flynn says anyone opening a new eatery in this economy "probably should have his head examined."http://www.sacbee.com/103/story/1239141.html

News about Shorthand

In 1900, Galveston was nearly erased

New York Daily NewsIt was the storm of the century - the 20th century. Before Katrina became shorthand for nature's fury, there was the unnamed hurricane of 1900 that nearly wiped Galveston , Tex. , off the map. An estimated 6,000 people were killed when the Category 4 ... http://www.nydailynews.com/news/us_world/2008/09/12/2008-09-...

'Fat Man' sues top casinos for millions

Guardian UnlimitedHis nickname was acquired, he said, because doormen in London's clubs needed a verbal shorthand to warn their management when the mysterious bulky Arab approached.http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2008/sep/14/gambling

Needing help, to stay stable, but the help is just never there

Baltimore SunThis OTI - that's our hackneyed cultural shorthand for people who do crazy things in our midst, tying up the tactical units and the flow of traffic - has been locked up 10 to 20 times since he was a teen, according to his mother.http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bal-id.rodricks14sep14,0,54...

Remember movies before the cellphone?

Los Angeles TimesWhen cellphones first became available, on screen they were shorthand for excess. Gordon Gekko uses one on the beach in "Wall Street" as do the spoiled teens roaming the school halls in "Clueless.http://www.latimes.com/technology/la-ca-cellfones14-2008sep1...

How Jon & Kate Plus 8 pack brown-bag lunches

Seattle Post Intelligencer BlogsThe answer is always that she cares about what goes into their bodies, and "that's one way I love you." (The shorthand, I believe,='ixnay on the oritos-Day.') "I won't give in.http://blog.seattlepi.nwsource.com/devouringseattle/archives...

Search results for Shorthand

Certified Shorthand Court Reporting and Reporters

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State Shorthand Reporting-court,reporter,certified,transcript,video

New Jersey court reporting firm specializing in both regular and video depositions, expedited delivery, condensed transcripts, ascii disks, video and audio tape transcription ... http://www.stateshorthand.com/

Shorthand Untangled - Home

Shorthand website that focuses on learning, practicing and improving the skills of Shorthand. For writers by writers.http://www.shorthand-untangled.co.uk/

Shorthand Court Reporters Northern California, San Joaquin Valley ...

Keleher's Certified Shorthand Reporters serving the Southern San Joaquin Valley with offices in Bakersfield and Visaliahttp://www.kelehers.com/

GSRA.org: Georgia Shorthand Reporters Association

Georgia Shorthand Reporters Association ... GSRA 2008 Fall Seminar Registration Packet Now Available . The 2008 GSRA Fall Seminar is taking place in the beautiful Historic Downtown ... http://www.gsra.org/
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Alpha Shorthand Lesson 1

Alpha Shorthand Lesson 1Just got a new cam, and wanted to put these shorthand lessons up. Hope you like these first drafts - don't worry, they will get better. Your suggestions welcomed!Flash - Video

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Computer.ease

Computer.easeComputer ShortHand for the Computer IlliterateFlash - Video

Alpha Shorthand Lesson 2

Alpha Shorthand Lesson 2Just got a new cam, and wanted to put these shorthand lessons up. Hope you like these first drafts - don't worry, they will get better. Your suggestions welcomed! Try these...Flash - Video

The Heroine, Liars Shorthand at Noo...

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SHARK2Demo.mov

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18_P04_stehling.wmv

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Answers for Shorthand

yellowhummin217

What's the difference between "typing WPM" and "shorthand WPM"?

yellowhummin217Good grief -- does anyone actually sue shorthand anymore? With digital recorders being so cheap, I thought shorthand went away a long time ago. Shorthand was used when someone dictated a letter to ...
Caitlin S

What is the term for a shorthand representation using formulas and symbols to describe a chemical change?

Caitlin Schemical equation...
CookiesRGood

Where can I learn to write shorthand?

CookiesRGoodThere are three types of shorthand. They give courses at the "Y" or get in touch with the College or High School near your home and find out if they give night or Saturday courses. The Junior Colleg...
Sam

Why do scientists need shorthand ways of writing elements and compounds?

Samhow would you like to write this CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 wouldnt you rather write CH3(CH2)12CH3
Jerry X

Where can classes in Shorthand be attended in the continental US?

Jerry X

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