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Sapphire (antique greek: hyacinthos) refers to gem varieties of the mineral corundum, an aluminium oxide (Al2O3), when it is a color other than red (ruby) or pinkish-orange (padparadscha). Sapphire can be found naturally, or manufactured in large crystal boules. Because of its remarkable hardness, sapphire is used in many applications, including infrared optical components, watch crystals, high-durability windows, and wafers for the deposition of semiconductors, such as GaN nanorods and blue LEDs.

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Wikipedia about sapphire

Sapphire (antique greek: hyacinthos) refers to gem varieties of the mineral corundum, an aluminium oxide (Al2O3), when it is a color other than red (ruby) or pinkish-orange (padparadscha). Sapphire can be found naturally, or manufactured in large crystal boules. Because of its remarkable hardness, sapphire is used in many applications, including infrared optical components, watch crystals, high-durability windows, and wafers for the deposition of semiconductors, such as GaN nanorods and blue LEDs.

The mineral corundum consists of pure aluminium oxide. Trace amounts of other elements such as iron, titanium, or chromium can give corundum blue, yellow, pink, purple, orange, or greenish color. Sapphire includes any gemstone-quality varieties of the mineral corundum except the fully saturated red variety, which is instead known as the ruby, and the pinkish-orange variety known as padparadscha.

Natural sapphire

Sapphire is one of the two gem varieties of the species corundum. Although blue is the best known hue, the gem occurs in virtually every spectral hue excepting red; red corundum is ruby. Sapphire may also be colorless, and it also occurs in the non-spectral shades gray and black.

The cost of sapphire gems varies depending on their color, clarity, size, cut, and overall quality. As of 2000, the cost of 1 carat (0.2 g) of a typical uncut, gem quality sapphire was about $1,600 USD. Significant sapphire deposits are found in Eastern Australia, Southeast Asia, and Sri Lanka. Sapphire and rubies are often found together in the same area, but one gem is usually more abundant.

Blue sapphire

Various shades of blue and light result from titanium and iron substitutions in the aluminum oxide crystal lattice. Some stones are not well saturated and show tones of gray. It is common practice to bake natural sapphires to improve or enhance color. This is usually done by heating the sapphires to temperatures of up to 1800 °C for several hours, or by heating in a nitrogen-deficient atmosphere oven for seven days or more. On magnification, the silk due to included rutile needles are often visible. If the needles are unbroken, then the stone was not heated; if the silk is not visible then the stone was heated adequately. If the silk is partially broken, then a process known as low tube heat may have been used. Low tube heat is the process whereby the rough stone is heated to 1300 °C over charcoal for 20 to 30 minutes. This removes gray or brown in the stone and improves color saturation.

Fancy color sapphire

Purple sapphires are lower in price than blue ones. These stones contain the trace element vanadium and come in a variety of shades. Yellow and green sapphires have traces of iron that gives them their color. Pink sapphires have a trace of the element chromium and the deeper the color pink the higher their monetary value as long as the color is going toward the red of rubies. Sapphires also occur in shades of orange and brown, and colorless sapphires are sometimes used as diamond substitutes in jewelry. Salmon-color padparadscha sapphires often fetch higher prices than many of even the finest blue sapphires. The word 'padparadscha' is Sinhalese for 'lotus flower'. Recently many sapphires of this color have appeared on the market as a result of a new treatment method called "lattice diffusion".Fact: date=April 2007

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Sapphire Gentlemen's Club

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A Modern Bar and Restaurant. Downtown Knoxville.www.sapphire-knoxville.com/

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News about Sapphire

Sapphire sales driven by LED and RF switch applications, says Yole

Digi TimesThanks to tremendous growth in Silicon-on-Sapphire (SoS) devices, the overall sapphire material market is expected to average 21% annual growth and reach US$402 million by 2012, stated research firm Yole Developpement. Sapphire production mainly serves two applications in the electronics field: GaN-based LEDs and RF switch devices for handsets.http://www.digitimes.com/news/a20080930PR208.html

Are you ready?

The TelegraphYou think your Puja shopping is over? Think again! Here’s a t2 checklist Forget pastel. Forget black. And white. It’s all about jewel tones. Have you got yourself an outfit in topaz yellow, emerald green, sapphire blue or ruby red?http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081003/jsp/entertainment/stor...

Big, big sculptures: ‘It is what it is’

Naples Daily NewsJohn Henry is used to big. Big is what he creates. His large-scale sculptures, usually destined for outdoor display, are giant stalks of steel that average 75 to 85 feet and are frequently finished in some sense-sizzling paint — fire engine red, bumblebee yellow or sapphire blue.http://naplesnews.com/news/2008/oct/02/it-what-it/?partner=R...

Examine the Russian Broadband Market: Overview Analysis &

Broadcast NewsroomAll-new Adobe® CS4. Get the new Adobe® Creative Suite® today. SAPPHIRE Radeon HD 4870 Video Card (Rated by 0 users) Sapphire Radeon HD 4870 Video Card The ATI Radeon HD 4870 Video Card GPU brings the power of graphics "supercomputing" to gamers, setting a new standard for visual computing.http://www.broadcastnewsroom.com/articles/viewarticle.jsp?id...

Sapphire Lake near Grinnell, public safety building top supervisor's agenda

MPC NewspapersThe City of Grinnell and the Poweshiek County Supervisors have reached agreement as to who plows what roads for snow and ice removal. The county supervisors approved the agreement at their meeting on Monday, Sept. 22 after discussions with Lyle Brehm, the county engineer.http://showcase.netins.net/web/bpunion/Poweshiek/Pow39/Powsu...

News about Sapphire

Rubicon Technology, Inc. Announces Change in Contracted Deliveries to ...

MSN MoneyCentralRubicon Technology, Inc. RBCN , a leading provider of sapphire substrates and products to the LED, RFIC, Semiconductor, and Optical industries, today reported that a SoS RFIC customer, Peregrine Semiconductor Corporation, has informed the company ... http://news.moneycentral.msn.com/provider/providerarticle.as...

Research and Markets: Comprehensive Survey of the Main Market Metrics ...

TMCnetResearch and Markets: Comprehensive Survey of the Main Market Metrics and Companies Involved in the Sapphire for Electronic Applications (M2 PressWIRE Via Acquire Media NewsEdge) RDATE:07102008 Dublin - Research and Markets (http://www ... http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/-research-markets-comprehensiv...

F&C launches derivatives-based fund

ReutersLONDON, Oct 9 (Reuters) - F&C Asset Management Plc said on Thursday it had launched a new derivatives-based fund to open up strategies used in its Sapphire hedge fund to more investors. The F&C Active Return Fund will be managed by Stephen Crewe and ... http://www.reuters.com/article/rbssFinancialServicesAndRealE...

Celebs Turn Out For Mohegan Sun Casino Opening Gala

Hartford Courant ... the casino's new $6,200 signature drink "The Windfall" had a lot of VIPers sighing when it was unveiled early in the evening, given ingredients that include aged cognac, exclusive champagne and a $5,500 Tiffany's garnish -- a diamond and sapphire ... http://www.courant.com/entertainment/celebrity/hcu-celebsatm...

Diamonds Pay Dividends

ForbesThis yellow diamond ring and a blue sapphire ring were two of the glittering stars of the show. The yellow diamond ring was bought by a jewelry dealer from New York who had flown in especially for this auction and paid $144,400, four times the ... http://www.forbes.com/2008/10/10/collecting-auctions-jewelry...

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sapphire energy started with a question: Why is the biofuel industry spending so much time and energy focused on biodiesel and ethanol – fundamentally inferior solutions?http://SAPPHIREENERGY.COM

Sapphire Laguna

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Joe's Bombay Sapphire French Martin...

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Pokemon Sapphire

Pokemon Sapphirethe pokemon series at its finest. a great game for your nintendo hand held.Flash - Video

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Answers for Sapphire

lauren_x0_143

My Dad bought a tiny container of 6 raw uncut emeralds and a sapphire 20 yrs ago. Is it worth anything?

lauren_x0_143all stones are worth at least something. You would need to get them checked to see if they can be "cut" into something more valuable. Now the price to get small stone "cut" into a quality stone may ...
JYAN

How do I put cheat codes into pokemon sapphire on Nintendo DS?

JYANhi well some cheats can be on gamefaq.com and look for a way on youtube i've seen hundreds of videos on youtube.com just type in the question. bye nami
ShamuLvr

What is the best Pokemon to choose in the Sapphire Version?

ShamuLvrIgnore him. you can't fish quite yet. your best option at this point is to catch a Lotad on route 102, and train it. Lotad is both a Water and Grass type pokemon, both Roxanne is weak to. Try not to u...
it's mE~!

What is the speed of light through a dimond, and through a sapphire?

it's mE~!To get the apparent speed of light in a medium, divide the true speed of light (300 million m/s) by the index of refraction (given). Simple plug n chug.
chevon k

What is the value of lab created sapphire?

chevon klab created carried less value, since it's man made. a natural saphire is a semi precious stone and carries value, but not anywhere near as much as a precious stone like diamonds and emeralds.

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