this: Rip

Ripping is the process of copying audio or video content to a hard disk, typically from removable media or media streams. Digital audio extraction is a more formal phrase applied to the ripping of audio CDs. Ripping is distinct from simple file copying in that the source audio/video is not formatted for ease of use in a computer filesystem. For example, the hierarchy of files making up the audio/video data on a DVD-Video disc can be encoded into a single avi file. In addition, the copied data is often compressed with appropriate codecs. Ripping is often used to shift formats, and to edit, duplicate or backup media content. Media files released on the Internet may describe the source of the rip in their names, e.g. DVD-Rip.

Ripping Software

Main: CD ripper

A CD ripper, CD grabber or CD extractor is a piece of software designed to extract or "rip" raw digital audio (in format commonly called CDDA) from a compact disc to a file or other output. Some all-in-one ripping programs can simplify the entire process by ripping and burning the audio to disc in one step, possibly re-encoding the audio on-the-fly in the process.

Legality

Ripping also allows content to be losslessly copied for a very low or essentially zero cost and given to those who did not purchase it, possibly substituting for sales of content. Hence it has aroused fierce opposition by the recording industry, who view it as theft.

Since the music or video is transferred to a data file, the files can be shared with other computer users over the Internet.

Although it is legal in the United States to make backup copies of software, the legality of ripping music for personal use without the permission of the copyright holder is controversial. Historically, copying media for personal use was established to be Fair Use under U.S. Copyright by the Supreme Court in the Sony Betamax doctrine. On the other hand, the RIAA, which represents many music copyright holders has maintained that copying rights have not been granted to end users and that Fair Use does not apply.

Depending on the outcome of the trial including the RIAA v. Jammie Thomas, even ripping a CD without permission from the owner of the copyright, even for personal use may be illegal.

However, in oral arguments before the Supreme Court in MGM Studios, Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd., Don Verrilli, representing MGM stated:

"And let me clarify something I think is unclear from the amicus briefs. The record companies, my clients, have said, for some time now, and it's been on their Website for some time now, that it's perfectly lawful to take a CD that you've purchased, upload it onto your computer, put it onto your iPod. There is a very, very significant lawful commercial use for that device, going forward."

In some countries selling software to circumvent copy-protection in commercial DVDs is illegal.