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A pretender is a claimant to an abolished throne or to a throne already occupied by somebody else. The English word pretend comes from the French word prétendre, meaning "to put forward, to profess or claim". The term pretender is also applied to those persons on whose behalf a claim to a throne is advanced, regardless of whether that person himself actually makes an active claim.Fact: date=August 2007 Significantly, the word pretender applies both to claimants with genuine rights to the throne (such as the various pretenders of the Wars of the Roses), and to those with fabricated claims (such as the pretender to Henry VII's throne Lambert Simnel). The papal equivalent of a pretender is an antipope.

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Wikipedia about Pretender

A pretender is a claimant to an abolished throne or to a throne already occupied by somebody else. The English word pretend comes from the French word prétendre, meaning "to put forward, to profess or claim". The term pretender is also applied to those persons on whose behalf a claim to a throne is advanced, regardless of whether that person himself actually makes an active claim.Fact: date=August 2007 Significantly, the word pretender applies both to claimants with genuine rights to the throne (such as the various pretenders of the Wars of the Roses), and to those with fabricated claims (such as the pretender to Henry VII's throne Lambert Simnel). The papal equivalent of a pretender is an antipope.

Modern pretenders

The following list contains current pretenders. During the monarchical period of some countries listed here, there was no reigning house as it is known in the European sense – those are for example Tibet or the Central African Empire. These countries have a — in the column "House".

Germany

Some of the former German monarchies are not listed here because all eligible dynasts of the respective formerly reigning houses are extinct: The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin in 2001, the duchy of Saxe-Altenburg in 1991 and the principalities of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (since 1909 in personal union with Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt) in the male line in 1971. There may be potential claimants to the entirety of Schwarzburg, however.

Italy

Modena, Naples and Parma do not mean the Italian cities but the former states on the territory of present-day's Italy.

India

Satara, Surat, Alwar, Balasinor, Banganapalle, Baroda, Bhopal, Gwalior, Hyderabad, Idar, Indore, Jodhpur Kolhapur Mysore and Udaipur do not mean the Indian cities but the former states on the territory of present-day's India.

Pretenders in the Roman Empire

Ancient Rome knew many pretenders to the office of Roman Emperor, especially during the crisis of the Third Century.

These are customarily referred to as the Thirty Tyrants, which was an allusion to the Thirty Tyrants at Athens some five hundred years earlier; although the comparison is questionable, and the Romans were separate aspirants, not (as the Athenians were) a Committee of Public Safety. The Loeb translation of the appropriate chapter of the Augustan History therefore represents the Latin triginta tyranni by "Thirty Pretenders" to avoid this artificial and confusing parallel. Not all of them were afterwards considered pretenders; several were actually successful in becoming Emperor in at least in part of the Empire for a brief period.

The Byzantine Empire

Disputed successions to the Empire continued at Constantinople. Most seriously, after the fall of Constantinople to the Fourth Crusade in 1204, and its eventual recovery by Michael VIII Palaeologus, there came to be three Byzantine successor states, each of which claimed to be the Roman Empire, and several Latin claimants (including the Republic of Venice and the houses of Montferrat and Courtenay) to the Latin Empire the Crusaders had set up in its place. There were sometimes multiple claimants to some of the inheritances, as well.

Search results for Pretender

Lois' Daily Planet Pretender Pages #1

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The Pretender (a Titles and Air Dates Guide)

A guide listing the titles and air dates for each episode of this television series. ... 2001 TNT M- 1 22 Jan 01 The Pretender 2001 M- 2 10 Dec 01 The Island ...epguides.com/Pretender/

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"The Pretender" (1996) - DVD details for

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Jeremy's Ultimate Pretender Website

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News about Pretender

No. 1 USC rolls past Ohio State, 35-3

The Press-EnterpriseLOS ANGELES - Big games are where big players step up and make big plays.http://www.pe.com/sports/breakout/stories/PE_Sports_Local_S_...

Attractive roof

Business Standard IndiaWith higher margins and operating profits than the industry leader, Visaka Industries is a better bet. Last year, we prayed, “God, give me a market that is cheap, where my limited money can buy a lot, where I am spoilt for choice, where I can dictate the price ….”http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=...

Scarlet & Gray Matter

The Columbus DispatchThe game at hand Short-attention-span synopsis: Nothing secret about this L.A. Confidential: The better team won. Time for Buckeyes to honor Pryor commitment. OSU gets the hook -- again -- on national stage. Defense shoots blanks, not Silver Bullets.http://www.dispatch.com/live/content/sports/stories/2008/09/...

Cliff's Weather Gems

Coeur d'Alene PressHurricane Gustav, fortunately for the already-battered Gulf Coast states, did not become, as New Orleans Major Ray Nagin predicted, "the mother of all storms." It fizzled like a sparkler on the Fourth of July.http://www.cdapress.com/articles/2008/09/14/columns/columns0...

Day two summary of the action at Monza

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McCain: The Great Pretender

OpEdNews.comMcCain has been given a free-ride by the media for his affairs, inhumane treatment of his disabled ex-wife, verbally abusing current wife Cindy in front of the press, bad temper and dishonesty during the campaign--all pertaining to his lack of ... http://www.opednews.com/articles/McCain-The-Great-Pretende-b...

Palin: Pretender or presidential?

Crimson White Online“She’s hot.” That seems to be the reason why sons of conservatives are voting for Sarah Palin. Other McCain supporters cite her adamancy on issues such as abortion and sex education. But what exactly will Republicans be voting for? Well, if ... http://www.cw.ua.edu/1.775600

Chicago Bears: Pretender or Contender?

Bleacherreport.comThe Chicago Bears started this NFL season expected by many to be an easy opponent for their adversaries. They have already exceeded these expectations, starting out with a 3-2 record highlighted ... The Chicago Bears started this NFL season expected ... http://bleacherreport.com/articles/67139-chicago-bears-prete...

Minnesota Vikings: Pretender or Contender?

Bleacherreport.comBefore the NFL season started, many predicted the Minnesota Viking to reach the Super Bowl. Now the Vikings are proving all that preseason hype wrong. They’re 2-3, and they’re lucky to even have two wins... Before the NFL season started, many ... http://bleacherreport.com/articles/67055-minnesota-vikings-p...

This week on The Pretender

ONE NewsWith Selwyn due to give Dennis his first fully funded policy platform for Men's Affairs, Dennis is hopeful for something to shore up his sinking popularity. Dennis Plant returns in the critically acclaimed comedy series 'The Pretender'. A fly on the ... http://tvnz.co.nz/view/page/411749/2079142

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Pretender

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Amazon.com: Pretender (Foreigner 8): C. J. Cherryh: Books

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Pretender Headquarters (PHQ)

Doesn't anybody ever really die anymore? Red Rock Jarod: Miss Parkerhttp://www.phq.pretendercentre.com/

pretender - Wiktionary

Spanish Verb. pretender (first singular pretendo, past participle pretendido) to pretend. Juan pretendió estar muerto para evitar que el oso lo atacara. Juan pretended to be dead ... http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pretender

Pretender - Transformers Wiki - Teletraan I

Disguise has always been a key component of Transformer operations on other worlds. Pretenders attempt to take this concept to the next level. Pretenders are Transformers fitted ... http://transformers.wikia.com/wiki/Pretender
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Answers for Pretender

jason_the_cool_dude

How many of you seen the movie "Pretender?"?

jason_the_cool_dudelol! I have seen a Pretender thats for sure.
kazumi y

Do you think that Japan is making pretender's history textbook?

kazumi yHello, I am not familiar with your school system or the history courses that are taught so I cannot give you an intelligent answer from my end. What is happening in North America is that we have he...
Jae

How do you feel about the book, The Great Pretender by Millenia Black?

JaeSorry, to my real shame... I must confess I haven't read it yet. Can u give an inside?.... What is about? Does it have anything to do with the movie ( there was a TV serial once... I think it was call...
Mustang72B

Is your team a Contender or Pretender?

Mustang72Bmy team is the Cleveland Indians and I have to say that they are defnitely contenders. They lost the World Series in 1995 and in 1997 but they got there, knocking out the Yankees in the process. They ...
Datu Sikatuna

Are women born to be a pretender & secretive for everything? As their feelings to love, etc….

Datu Sikatuna...being secretive is an equal-opportunity trait. both men and women exhibit the same strengths and weaknesses when it comes to love relationships, although some traits are more pronounced in others....

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