Paulina or Paullina was the name shared by three relatives of the Roman Emperor Hadrian: his mother, his elder sister and his niece.

Mother of Hadrian

Domitia Paulina or Paullina, Domitia Paulina Major or Paulina Major, (Major Latin for the elder), also known as Paulina the Elder (?-85/86). Paulina was a Spanish Roman woman who lived in the 1st century. She was a daughter of a distinguished Spanish Roman senatorial family. Paulina originally came from Gades (modern Cádiz, Spain). Gades was one of the wealthiest Roman cities. Little is known of the life of Paulina.

Paulina married Spanish Roman Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer, a praetor who was a paternal cousin of Roman Emperor Trajan. Paulina and Afer had two children, a daughter Aelia Domitia Paulina (75-130) and a son emperor Publius Aelius Hadrianus (January 24 76-July 16 138). Around 85/86 Paulina died of unknown causes, before her husband. After the death of her husband, her children were raised by Trajan and Roman Officer Publius Acilius Attianus.

Sources

• Augustan History - Hadrian
• Hadrian (A.D. 117-138)

Sister of Hadrian

Aelia Domitia Paulina or Paullina or Domitia Paulina Minor (Minor Latin for the younger) also known as Paulina the Younger (early 75-130). The younger Paulina was the eldest child and only daughter to Domitia Paulina and praetor Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer. She was Hadrian's eldest sister and only sibling. She was Spanish, but was of Roman descent. She was most probably born and raised in Italica (near modern Seville, Spain). Italica was a city in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica.

When her parents died around 86, she and her brother were raised by her father's paternal cousin the Roman Emperor Trajan and Roman Officer Publius Acilius Attianus. Before the accession of Trajan to the throne in 98, Trajan had arranged for her to marry Spanish Roman Politician Lucius Julius Ursus Servianus. During Trajan's reign 98-117, Paulina and Servianus had a daughter called Julia Serviana Paulina.

Before Trajan's death in 117, Paulina and Servianus had arranged for their daughter Julia to marry Spanish Roman Gnaeus Pedanius Fuscus Salinator, who was a man of consular rank. Julia and Salinator in 118, had a son a younger Gnaeus Pedanius Fuscus Salinator. When Paulina died, Servianus and Hadrian had a private ceremony for her. However after her death, Hadrian was ridiculed for not giving her any public honors, however it was a long time so before Hadrian did this.

Sources

• Augustan History - Hadrian
• Hadrian (A.D. 117-138)
• Ancient Library 3125
• Ancient Library 2474