Oakland (IPAEng: ˈoʊklənd), founded in 1852, is the eighth-largest city in the U.S. state of California and the county seat of Alameda County. Oakland is approximately 8 miles east of San Francisco and the cities are separated by San Francisco Bay. The San Francisco Bay Area is the sixth most populous metropolitan area in the United States. Based on United States Census Bureau estimates for 2006, Oakland is the 44th largest city in the United States with a population of 397,067.
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Oakland (IPAEng: ˈoʊklənd), founded in 1852, is the eighth-largest city in the U.S. state of California and the county seat of Alameda County. Oakland is approximately 8 miles east of San Francisco and the cities are separated by San Francisco Bay. The San Francisco Bay Area is the sixth most populous metropolitan area in the United States. Based on United States Census Bureau estimates for 2006, Oakland is the 44th largest city in the United States with a population of 397,067.
Oakland is a major West Coast port, and is home to several major corporations including Kaiser Permanente and Clorox, as well as corporate headquarters for nationwide businesses like Dreyer's and Cost Plus World Markets.[http://www.business2oakland.com/main/majoremployers.htm Oakland CEDA - Major Employers ] Oakland is a major hub city for the Bay Area subregion collectively called the East Bay.
According to the 2000 U.S. census, Oakland and Long Beach, California are the most ethnically diverse cities in the United States, with over 150 languages spoken in Oakland. Attractions include Jack London Square, the Oakland Zoo, the Oakland Museum of California, the Chabot Space and Science Center, Lake Merritt, the East Bay Regional Park District ridge line parks and preserves, and Chinatown.
History
The Ohlone
The earliest known civilization was that of the Huchiun tribe, who inhabited the area for thousands of years. The Huchiun belonged to a linguistic grouping later called the Ohlone (a Miwok word meaning "western people"). In Oakland, they were heavily concentrated around Lake Merritt and Temescal Creek, a stream which enters the San Francisco Bay at Emeryville.
Spanish colonialism
Conquistadors from New Spain purported to claim Oakland and other Ohlone lands of the East Bay, along with the rest of California, for the king of Spain in 1772. In the early 19th century, the Spanish crown deeded the area which later became Oakland (along with most of the East Bay), to Luís María Peralta for his Rancho San Antonio. The grant was confirmed by the successor Mexican republic upon its independence from Spain. Fact: date=February 2009 The area of the ranch that is today occupied by the downtown and extending over into the adjacent part of Alameda (originally not an island, but a peninsula), included a woodland of oak trees. This area was called encinal by the Peraltas, a Spanish word which means "oak grove", the origin of the later city's name. Upon his death in 1842, Peralta divided his land among his four sons. Most of Oakland fell within the shares given to Antonio Maria and Vicente. They would open the land to settlement by American settlers, loggers, European whalers, and fur-traders.Fact: date=February 2009
