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The standard for the name "mushroom" is the cultivated white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, hence the word mushroom is most often applied to those fungi (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes) that have a stem (stipe), a cap (pileus), and gills (lamellae, sing. lamella) on the underside of the cap, just as do store-bought white mushrooms.

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Wikipedia about mushrooms

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The standard for the name "mushroom" is the cultivated white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, hence the word mushroom is most often applied to those fungi (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes) that have a stem (stipe), a cap (pileus), and gills (lamellae, sing. lamella) on the underside of the cap, just as do store-bought white mushrooms.

The word "mushroom" can also be used for a wide variety of gilled fungi, with or without stems, and the term is used even more generally, to describe both the fleshy fruiting bodies of some Ascomycota and the woody or leathery fruiting bodies of some Basidiomycota, depending upon the context of the word.

Forms deviating from the standard form usually have more specific names, such as "puffball", "stinkhorn", and "morel", and gilled mushrooms themselves are often called "agarics" in reference to their similarity to Agaricus or their placement in the order Agaricales. By extension, "mushroom" can also designate the entire fungus when in culture or the thallus (called a mycelium) of species forming the fruiting bodies called mushrooms.

Identification

Identifying mushrooms requires a basic understanding of their macroscopic structure. Most are Basidiomycetes and gilled. Their spores, called basidiospores, are produced on the gills and fall in a fine rain of powder from under the caps as a result. At the microscopic level the basidiospores are shot off of basidia and then fall between the gills in the dead air space. As a result, for most mushrooms, if the cap is cut off and placed gill-side-down overnight, a powdery impression reflecting the shape of the gills (or pores, or spines, etc.) is formed (when the fruitbody is sporulating). The color of the powdery print, called a spore print, is used to help classify mushrooms and can help to identify them. Spore print colors include white (most common), brown, black, purple-brown, pink, yellow, and cream, but almost never blue, green, or red.

While modern identification of mushrooms is quickly becoming molecular, the standard methods for identification are still used by most and have developed into a fine art harking back to medieval times and the Victorian era, combined with microscopic examination. The presence of juices upon breaking, bruising reactions, odors, tastes, shades of color, habitat, habit, and season are all considered by mycologists, amateur and professional alike. Tasting and smelling mushrooms carries its own hazards because of poisons and allergens. Chemical tests are also used for some genera.

In general, identification to genus can often be accomplished in the field using a local mushroom guide. Identification to species, however, requires more effort; one must remember that a mushroom develops from a button stage into a mature structure, and only the latter can provide certain characteristics needed for the identification of the species. However, over-mature specimens lose features and cease producing spores. Many novices have mistaken humid water marks on paper for white spore prints, or discolored paper from oozing liquids on lamella edges for colored spored prints.

Search results for Mushrooms

Edible mushroom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

White mushrooms being prepared for cooking. ... This species also includes the portobello and crimini mushrooms. ... world production of cultivated mushrooms. ...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edible_mushroom

Mushroom Council

Provides info about mushroom types, recipes, and handling to distributors of mushrooms and the general public.www.mushroomcouncil.com/

Mushrooms - Types Of Mushroom

An introduction to gourmet mushrooms, including an extensive mushroom glossary with photos. ... Buying Mushrooms. Mucho Mushroom: A Mushroom Glossary. See ...www.thenibble.com/reviews/main/vegetables/specialty-mushroom...

Cook's Thesaurus: Mushrooms

Gives synonyms, equivalents, and substitutions for various kinds of edible mushrooms. ... Mushrooms ... when picking wild mushrooms--some species are poisonous ...www.foodsubs.com/Mushroom.html

Mushroom Information & Educational Projects

What is a mushroom? It is the fruit (like an apple) of the mushroom ... Morel Mushrooms. Indoor Organic Mushroom Growing Kits. Mushroom Books ...www.gmushrooms.com/info.htm

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News about Mushrooms

Dog dies after eating toxic mushrooms in yard

WCNC CharlotteCHARLOTTE, N.C. -- Toxic mushrooms have killed at least one dog in the Charlotte area and have made several others ill, according to local veterinarians.http://www.wcnc.com/news/local/stories/wcnc-093008-mw-toxicm...

Fun with fungi

Republican-AmericanAll the rain we've enjoyed this year has had several absolutely marvelous side benefits. The wild berry crop — red raspberries, blackberries, blueberries — late to ripen, has been spectacular. Also, mushrooms are sprouting absolutely everywhere.http://www.rep-am.com/articles/2008/10/03/lifestyle/364370.t...

FEEDER'S DIGEST FEEDER'S DIGEST

The Tampa TribuneSEAFOOD BACKFIN BLUE CAFE, 2913 Beach Blvd. S., Gulfport; (727) 343-2583. Be prepared to wait at this funky, friendly cafe that showcases the crab - owner-chef Harold Russell cooks about 150 pounds a week. Good suggestions include the Backfin Blue Jumbo Lump Crab Cake, portobello mushrooms and a macadamia nut-crusted fish dinner. ($)http://www2.tbo.com/content/2008/oct/03/fx-feeders-digest-fe...

Morris Township trio are accused of trying to grow hallucinogenic mushrooms

The Star-LedgerThree people have been arrested in Morris Township for allegedly setting up a hallucinogenic mushroom-growing operation in the basement of their rented home, police said today. Christopher Donahue, 24, Phillip Polynone, 23, and Stephanie Avitable, 23, all of Morris Township,...http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2008/10/morris_township_tri...

3 busted in N.J. illegal mushroom operation

Courier-PostAuthorities say they've foiled a plot to grow illegal hallucinogenic mushrooms at a rented home in Morris County.http://www.courierpostonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/...

News about Mushrooms

Fears Chinese vegies sold in Australia tainted with melamine

News.com.auChinese products imported into Australia include fresh garlic and peas, frozen mixed vegetables, canned mushrooms and tomato paste. The melamine scandal started in milk products, but international media reports have raised concerns some fruit and ... http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,24465166-662,...

Seasoned to taste: Thrifty Beef Stew

Lincoln Journal StarIf I’m around, a couple of hours before dinnertime I pull out the hobo pack, stir in 8 ounces of quartered fresh mushrooms, replace the pack and proceed as usual. The mushrooms retain some texture and add meatiness without meat. Meat can be browned ... http://www.journalstar.com/articles/2008/10/08/living/food/d...

Trees, plants change with fall

Carroll County OnlineMushrooms and toadstools return to many lawns in the fall. Occasionally, we get inquiries about the identification and safety of eating these mushrooms. Our recommendation is not to even attempt it unless you are an expert in the field. There are ... http://www.carrollcountytimes.com/articles/2008/10/08/featur...

On chefs' menus, it's mushroom time

Houston ChroniclePorchino Mushroom Salad with arugula, radicchio, blood orange and goat cheese is on chef-owner John Watts' menu at Prego. • Select firm, plump mushrooms with dry, unwrinkled surfaces. • Young mushrooms with delicate flavor have closed gills under ... http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/headline/features/604260...

Savory savers: Celebrity chef looks to add flavor, cut costs

Stamford AdvocateSausage-Stuffed Mushrooms Nonstick cooking spray, Pam 28 large white button mushrooms (each about 2 inches in diameter) 1 Tblsp. extra-virgin olive oil, Bertolli 1 Hot Italian Links, Johnsonville 2 tsp. Greek seasoning, McCormick 1/2 tsp. salt 1 10 ... http://www.stamfordadvocate.com/livingandhealth/ci_10665067

Search results for Mushrooms

Mushrooms Canada - Fresh Simple Good, Canadian Mushrooms, Mushroom ...

Make it with Mushrooms! Locally-grown, fresh to you year-round! Planning a meal with mushrooms is simple. As a side, topping, ingredient or main dish, mushrooms make ... http://www.mushrooms.ca/

Monterey Mushrooms, Inc. Home Page

National marketer of fresh mushrooms, supplying products for sale to supermarkets and foodservice operations. Product and nutritional information, job opportunities, and recipes. http://www.montereymushrooms.com/

Rogers Mushrooms | Mushroom Pictures & Mushroom Reference

Roger Phillips' Mushroom site has 3,000 photos & details of 1,500 mushrooms, fungi plus mushroom recipes ...http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/

Erowid Psilocybin Mushroom Vault: Basics

There are dozens of species of psilocybin or 'magic mushrooms' belonging primarily to the genuses psilocybe, panaeolus, and copelandia (unrelated to psychoactive amanita species).http://www.erowid.org/plants/mushrooms/mushrooms_basics.shtm...

Indiana Mushrooms

INTRODUCTION This is a photo-journal of mushrooms found in the State of Indiana, USA; primarily Brown, Greene, Jackson, Morgan, Monroe and Owen counties in South-central Indiana.http://indianamushrooms.com
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Answers for Mushrooms

SwimGuy

Is it true the mushrooms on my backyard come from cat pee?

SwimGuyYour friend has a lively imagination to see a connection or she is pulling your leg. Fungi of any kind grow on carbon rich sources so they grow on underground wood, forest detritus, or thatch in lawns...
labrooksie7066

Why do wild mushrooms grow in my yard? And what can be done to stop them?

labrooksie7066It sounds like you have the perfect place to grow good mushrooms. The tree stump is a hardwood no doute and you are spreading the spores (seeds) when you mow them down so from now on just pick them an...
mattysmom

Why do I have mushrooms growing in my potted plants?

mattysmomA few mushrooms are usually harmless, but to many may eventally overgrow and attack your plants. Consider changing the soil and avoid overwatering. If that doesn't help, use a fungicide intended for y...
malwilhist

How do I prepare mushrooms and spinach for a pizza?

malwilhistYou can saute the mushrooms in some olive oil until they give up their water (they'll shrink a bit) and they brown slightly. For the spinach, I would briefly saute it just until it wilts, then remove...
Cara D

How can I stop mushrooms from growing in my plants?

Cara DThe mushrooms are absolutely not hurting your plants. In fact, the mycelia they're arising from is breaking down the organic matter in the soil, making nutrients more accessible to your plants. In a ...

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