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The kidneys are complicated organs that have numerous biological roles. Their primary role is to maintain the homeostatic balance of bodily fluids by filtering and secreting metabolites (such as urea) and minerals from the blood and excreting them, along with water, as urine. Because the kidneys are poised to sense plasma concentrations of ions such as sodium, potassium, hydrogen, oxygen, and compounds such as amino acids, creatinine, bicarbonate, and glucose, they are important regulators of blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and erythropoiesis (the process by which red blood cells (erythrocytes) are produced). The medical field that studies the kidneys and diseases of the kidney is called nephrology. The prefix nephro- meaning kidney is from the Ancient Greek word nephros (νεφρός); the adjective renal meaning related to the kidney is from Latin rēnēs, meaning kidneys.

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Wikipedia about kidney

The kidneys are complicated organs that have numerous biological roles. Their primary role is to maintain the homeostatic balance of bodily fluids by filtering and secreting metabolites (such as urea) and minerals from the blood and excreting them, along with water, as urine. Because the kidneys are poised to sense plasma concentrations of ions such as sodium, potassium, hydrogen, oxygen, and compounds such as amino acids, creatinine, bicarbonate, and glucose, they are important regulators of blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and erythropoiesis (the process by which red blood cells (erythrocytes) are produced). The medical field that studies the kidneys and diseases of the kidney is called nephrology. The prefix nephro- meaning kidney is from the Ancient Greek word nephros (νεφρός); the adjective renal meaning related to the kidney is from Latin rēnēs, meaning kidneys.

Anatomy

In humans, the kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdominal cavity. There are two, one on each side of the spine; the right kidney sits just below the diaphragm and posterior to the liver, the left below the diaphragm and posterior to the spleen. Above each kidney is an adrenal gland (also called the suprarenal gland). The asymmetry within the abdominal cavity caused by the liver results in the right kidney being slightly lower than the left one while the left kidney is located slightly more medial. The bulk of water re-absorption in the vertebrate kidney takes place in the loop of henle.

The kidneys are retroperitoneal and range from 9 to 13 cm in diameter; the left slightly larger than the right. They are approximately at the vertebral level T12 to L3. The upper parts of the kidneys are partially protected by the eleventh and twelfth ribs, and each whole kidney and adrenal gland are surrounded by two layers of fat (the perirenal and pararenal fat) and the renal fascia which help to cushion it. Congenital absence of one or both kidneys, known as unilateral (on one side) or bilateral (on both the sides) renal agenesis, can occur.

The kidneys receive unfiltered blood directly from the heart through the abdominal aorta which then branches to the left and right renal arteries. Filtered blood then returns by the left and right renal veins to the inferior vena cava and then the heart. Renal blood flow accounts for up to a third of the cardiac output.

Functions

main: Renal physiology

Excretion of waste products

The kidneys excrete a variety of waste products produced by metabolism, including the nitrogenous wastes: urea (from protein catabolism) and uric acid (from nucleic acid metabolism) and water.

Homeostasis

The kidney is one of the major organs involved in whole-body homeostasis. Among its homeostatic functions are acid-base balance, regulation of electrolyte concentrations, control of blood volume, and regulation of blood pressure. The kidneys accomplish these homeostatic functions independently and through coordination with other organs, particularly those of the endocrine system. The kidney communicates with these organs through hormones secreted into the bloodstream.

Search results for Kidney

Your Kidneys and How They Work

Introduces basics of kidney function, describes a range of kidney diseases. ... What medical tests will my doctor use to detect kidney disease? ...kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/yourkidneys/

kidney: Definition from Answers.com

kidney n. , pl. -neys . Anatomy. Either one of a pair of organs in the dorsal region of the vertebrate abdominal cavity, functioning to maintainwww.answers.com/topic/kidney

Kidney Cancer

Comprehensive information about kidney cancer for physicians and patients. ... Therapies for Advanced Kidney Cancer. Related Rare Conditions. Living With Cancer ...kidneycancer.org/index.cfm?pageID=9

Kidney cancer - MayoClinic.com

Kidney cancer — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, treatment of kidney cancer, including ... Many kidney cancers are detected during procedures for other ...www.mayoclinic.com/health/kidney-cancer/DS00360

American Kidney Fund (AKF) - a Fund for Kidney Patients

American Kidney Fund is a voluntary kidney foundation providing financial assistance and health education to people with or at risk of kidney disease.www.kidneyfund.org/

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News about Kidney

Stem cells for kidney failure?

The Salt Lake TribuneUtah researchers are testing whether they can safely inject adult stem cells into patients to prevent and treat acute kidney failure. Intermountain Medical Center and AlloCure, a Utah-based biotech company, have teamed up to test AlloCure's patented cells in patients who have had http://www.sltrib.com/news/ci_10604808?source=rss

Vietnamese rush children to hospitals for kidney tests

Asia News NetworkVietnamese hospitals are overloaded with parents who have brought their infants for kidney check-ups, fearing that they had drunk milk contaminated with the poisonous industrial chemical melamine.http://www.asianewsnet.net/news.php?id=1866&sec=1

5K walk will benefit the Kidney Trust

Visalia Times-Delta / Tulare Advance-RegisterA 5K walk to help raise awareness of kidney disease will be held Sunday at Constitution Park in west Visalia.http://www.visaliatimesdelta.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/...

Research suggests doctors should consider kidney-sparing surgery

EurekAlert!( Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center ) A study of almost 1,500 kidney cancer patients treated at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center suggests that surgery to spare as much kidney tissue as possible may improve overall survival in patients who also have reduced kidney function at the time their cancer is diagnosed. The finding is significant because both kidney cancer and decreased .....http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2008-10/wfub-rsd09250...

Parents sue Sanlu over son's kidney stone

Straits TimesBEIJING: The parents of a Chinese infant diagnosed with a kidney stone have launched what could be the first lawsuit in the nation's escalating milk scandal, their lawyer said yesterday.http://www.straitstimes.com/Prime+News/Story/STIStory_284838...

News about Kidney

Matthew Norman: Crisis vanishes if you look in the Mirror

The IndependentA kick in the kidney Elsewhere in the Mirror, meanwhile, I was distressed by the sense of glee underpinning coverage of the kidney stone that briefly afflicted the Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, Peter ... http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/comment/matthew-norm...

Melbourne CBD stripper Kaera Douglas breaks silence

News.com.auMs Douglas, then 24, was shot in the stomach and had to have a kidney removed. In pictures: The scene, the gunman, the victims Inside story: How Mr Despicable's club attack on dancer ended in street death Club connection: Footy star's link to killer In ... http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,24486897...

Dairy giants apologize for scandal

People's Daily OnlineTheir apology came one month after the surfacing of the scandal involving tainted milk products from dairy giant Sanlu Group, in which melamine-contaminated baby formula had sickened thousands of infants nationwide with kidney-related illnesses. ... http://english.people.com.cn/90001/6513681.html

Experts: no link proven between kidney disease and Iraq duty

EnterpriseGoodpasture’s syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease that causes the immune system to make antibodies that attack specific parts of the lungs and kidneys and destroy them, according to Dr. Catherine Meyers, director of the Inflammatory Renal ... http://www.enterprisenews.com/lifestyle/health_and_beauty/x2...

Dangerous Fruit

Star News OnlineHe had mild kidney disease, for which he took one medicine. He was health-conscious — ate a mostly vegetarian diet, worked out every day. His exam turned up nothing. Yu worried that perhaps the pharmacy had given the patient the wrong medication ... http://www.starnewsonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/200...

Search results for Kidney

Kidney School™

Kidney School is an interactive, web-based learning program designed to help people learn what they need to know to understand kidney disease and its treatment, adjust to kidney ... http://www.kidneyschool.org/

The Kidney Foundation -

The Kidney Foundation of Canada funds research and provides information and support to people living with kidney disease.http://www.kidney.ca/

Kidney transplantation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Kidney transplantation or renal transplantation is the organ transplant of a kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease. Kidney transplantation is typically classified as ... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_transplantation

National Kidney Foundation - Welcome to the Kidney Walk : Welcome

Welcome to the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Walk. 26 Million people have chronic kidney disease and another 20 million are at risk. The NKF's Kidney Walk presents an occasion ... http://walk.kidney.org/

Kidney Career Center

Kidney Career Center is the premier recruitment resource for the kidney health industry. Employers and recruiters have targeted access to highly motivated and experienced ... http://www.careers.kidney.org/
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Videos found for Kidney

Aqua Teen Hunger Force -Kidney Car

Aqua Teen Hunger Force -Kidney CarMeatwad gets a carFlash - Video

Turistas: Live Kidney Removal!

Turistas: Live Kidney Removal!Go behind the scenes of the making of "Turistas" for some real-life kidney removal action. He may be an evil doctor, but he's not an evil butcher.Flash - Video

Gary Coleman for the National Kidne...

Gary Coleman for the National Kidney Foundation'Whatchoo talkin' 'bout, kidney disease?'Flash - Video

"The Cruelest Cut: Pakistan's Kidne...

"More and more Westerners - including Australians, it appears - are traveling abroad to get transplants, particularly kidneys - currently the world's most sought-after organ. This...Flash - Video

'Tori & Dean: Home Sweet Hollywood'...

'Tori & Dean: Home Sweet Hollywood' Sneak: Karate-Chopping My KidneyTori begins to have irrational thoughts about the baby in her womb. "Tori & Dean" airs Tuesdays at 10 p.m. ET/PT on Oxygen.Windows Media - Video

Videos found for Kidney

Kidney Donor and Recipient Meet

Kidney Donor and Recipient MeetRecipient of donated kidney meets donor; they become friends. (June 10)wmv: 0 MB w:793px - h:608px

Ex-Dallas Cowboy Donates Kidney to ...

Ex-Dallas Cowboy Donates Kidney to Ex-teammateFormer Dallas Cowboys football player Ron Springs is suffering from diabetes and needs a kidney transplant. Donating that vital organ is his ex-teammate Everson Walls. (Dec. 22)wmv: 0 MB w:793px - h:608px

kidney-1.rm

kidney-1.rmNational Kidney Foundation - 2000 US Transplant Games - par t 1 National Kidney Foundation - 2000 US Transplant Games - par t 2realmedia: 2.8 MB w:240px - h:180px

kidney-2.rm

kidney-2.rmNational Kidney Foundation - 2000 US Transplant Games - par t 1 National Kidney Foundation - 2000 US Transplant Games - par t 2realmedia: 2.8 MB w:240px - h:180px

YMCA_Kidney_Bowl_Bob2.mpg

YMCA_Kidney_Bowl_Bob2.mpgYMCA_Kidney_Bowl_Bob2.mpgmpeg: 8.7 MB w:352px - h:240px

Answers for Kidney

styxxlj05

What is the life expectancy of a man living with one kidney?

styxxlj05ALWAYS get a second opinion. He may only need to have a portion of the kidney removed. Make sure it is 100% necessary to have the whole kidney removed. He can live a full life with one kidney. H...
francois

What is the fastest way to cure a small kidney stone?

francoisThe only way is to try and flush it by drinking a lot and I mean a lot of water it will be painful to pass but much better and much less painful than losing a kidney.
Lovin28

How long if kidney infection left untreated will it become life threatening?

Lovin28Depends on the organism causing the infection and the general over all health of the person, put average would be a few days, then the body will go septic.
BobTheBlazer

What are some of the symptoms of kidney stones?

BobTheBlazerYES! Many people generally lose their appetite when having kidney stones. http://www.kidneystonesbook.net/chone.html look under "symptoms of stones", there are many symptoms depending on the degree...
TMemories

How long will a transplanted kidney last?

TMemoriesI am in the same boat as you are. There is not a single day that I don’t think about when my transplanted kidney is going to give up. (I received a kidney 8 months ago from a living related donor...

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