John Caldwell may refer to:

• John Caldwell (cartoonist), American cartoonist
• John Caldwell (boxer) (born 1938), Irish Olympian, bronze medal in 1956 Olympics
• John Caldwell (Kentucky politician) (1757-1804), Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky, 1804
• John Caldwell (seigneur) (1775-1842), Early Quebec seigneur and politician
• John Caldwell (demographer) (born 1928), Australian demographer and member of the Order of Australia
• John Caldwell (Irish soldier), 18th-century officer in the British 8th Regiment of Foot
• John Caldwell (musicologist) (born 1938) composer and Oxford University academic
• John Caldwell (Texas politician), Texas state senator, 1855–1859
• John A. Caldwell (1852–1927), U.S. Representative from Ohio
• John C. Caldwell (1833–1912), General in the U.S. Army during the Civil War
• John H. Caldwell (b. 1928), American nordic skier and author
• John Henry Caldwell (1826–1902), U.S. Representative from Alabama
• John T. Caldwell (1912–1995), Chancellor of North Carolina State University
• John W. Caldwell (1837–1903), U.S. Representative from Kentucky
• John Holt (educator), US educator, also called John Caldwell Holt
• John Caldwell (author), British author of Our Friends the Tigers.
• John Caldwell (Michigan state representative) (1849–1916), Michigan state representative (1897–1900)

hndis: name=Caldwell, John