Ingolstadt ( , Austro-Bavarian: Inglstådt) is a city in the Free State of Bavaria, Germany. It is located along the banks of the Danube River, in the center of Bavaria. As of December 31, 2005, Ingolstadt had 121,801 residents, making it the second-largest city in Upper Bavaria, after Munich. Ingolstadt is part of the larger Munich Metropolitan Area with a population of more than 6 million.
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Ingolstadt ( , Austro-Bavarian: Inglstådt) is a city in the Free State of Bavaria, Germany. It is located along the banks of the Danube River, in the center of Bavaria. As of December 31, 2005, Ingolstadt had 121,801 residents, making it the second-largest city in Upper Bavaria, after Munich. Ingolstadt is part of the larger Munich Metropolitan Area with a population of more than 6 million.
Ingolstadt is mentioned in the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. It is the birth place of the monster as created by the scientist Victor Frankenstein.
The Illuminati, a Bavarian secret society, was founded in Ingolstadt in the late eighteenth century.
The headquarters of the German automobile manufacturer Audi are located in Ingolstadt, as well as the headquarters of the electronic stores MediaMarkt and Saturn. Ingolstadt station has been connected to Nuremberg by a high-speed rail link since May 2006.
History and culture
Ingolstadt was first mentioned in a document of Charlemagne on 6 February 806 as "Ingoldes stat", the place of Ingold. Circa year 1250, Ingolstadt was granted city status.
Ingolstadt was the capital of the duchy Bavaria-Ingolstadt between 1392 and 1447. Ingolstadt was then united with Bavaria-Landshut. Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria ordered the building of the New Castle, which is strongly influenced by French Gothic architecture. In 1472 Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria founded the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Ingolstadt, which was moved to Landshut in 1800 and finally to Munich.
Another piece of history is that the horse of Gustavus Adolphus can be seen in the Museum of the Bavarian Army in the city. The horse was shot from under the king, by one of the cannons inside the fortress. The cannon was at that time known as "The Fig". When the Swedes withdrew, the remains of the horse were preserved, and it was eventually put on display, and has remained so for almost 400 years.
Originally a fortress city, Ingolstadt is enclosed by a medieval defensive wall. The Bavarian fortress (1537-1930) nowadays holds the museum of the Bavarian army. During World War I, future France president Charles de Gaulle was detained there as a prisoner of war. A sappers' drill ground is still crossing the river, two military air bases are nearby, one used for testing airplanes. The long military tradition of the city is reflected in today's civil and cultural life. Former "off-limit" grounds are now well used public parks.
Ingolstadt was the city where William IV, Duke of Bavaria wrote and signed the Bavarian Reinheitsgebot in 1516, the eldest food law still in use. Adolf Scherzer composed the "Bayerischen Defiliermarsch", and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is related to the Ingolstädter alte Anatomie, now a museum for medical history. In 1748, Adam Weishaupt, the founder of the Order of Illuminati, was born in Ingolstadt. The famous writer Marieluise Fleißer wrote Pioniere in Ingolstadt in 1928.
