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Wikipedia about hemoglobin

for: Bleeders (film)

Hemoglobin (also spelled haemoglobin and abbreviated Hb or Hgb) is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of vertebrates. . In mammals, the protein makes up about 97% of the red cell's dry content, and around 35% of the total content (including water). Hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs or gills to the rest of the body, such as to the muscles, where it releases the oxygen for cell use. It also has a variety of other roles of gas transport and effect-modulation which vary from species to species, and are quite diverse in some invertebrates.

Discovery

The oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin was discovered by Otto Funke in 1851. In that year he published a series of articles in which he described growing hemoglobin crystals by successively diluting red blood cells with a solvent such as pure water, alcohol or ether, followed by slow evaporation of the solvent from the resulting protein solution. Hemoglobin's reversible oxygenation was described a few years later by Felix Hoppe-Seyler. In 1959 Max Perutz determined the molecular structure. This work resulted in his sharing with John Kendrew the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

The role of Haemoglobin in the blood was discovered by physiologist Claude Bernard. The name hemoglobin is the concatenation of heme and globin, reflecting the fact that each subunit of hemoglobin is a globular protein with an embedded heme (or haem) group. Each heme group contains one iron atom, that can bind one oxygen molecule through ion-induced dipole forces. The most common type of hemoglobin in mammals contains four such subunits.

Genetics

Mutations in the genes for the hemoglobin protein in a species result in hemoglobin variants, some of which cause a group of hereditary diseases termed the hemoglobinopathies in humans. The best known is sickle-cell disease, which was the first human disease whose mechanism was understood at the molecular level. A (mostly) separate set of diseases called thalassemias involves underproduction of normal and sometimes abnormal hemoglobins, through problems and mutations in globin gene regulation. These diseases also often produce anemia.

The chemical formulas of hemoglobins vary widely across species, and even (through common mutations) slightly among subgroups of humans.

Synthesis

Hemoglobin (Hb) is synthesized in a complex series of steps. The heme part is synthesized in a series of steps in the mitochondria and the cytosol of immature red blood cells, while the globin protein parts are synthesized by ribosomes in the cytosol. Production of Hb continues in the cell throughout its early development from the proerythroblast to the reticulocyte in the bone marrow. At this point, the nucleus is lost in mammalian red blood cells, but not in birds and many other species. Even after the loss of the nucleus in mammals, residual ribosomal RNA allows further synthesis of Hb until the reticulocyte loses its RNA soon after entering the vasculature (this hemoglobin-synthetic RNA in fact gives the reticulocyte its reticulated appearance and name).

Search results for Hemoglobin

MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hemoglobin

The hemoglobin test is almost always done as part of a complete blood count (CBC) ... Clinical hemoglobin C. Diabetes. Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia ...www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003645.htm

Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hemoglobin (Hb), a globular protein, is the primary vehicle for transporting ... Hemoglobin is contained in erythrocytes, more commonly referred to as red ...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen-hemoglobin_dissociation_curve

Hemoglobin Overview

Hemoglobin is made from two similar proteins that "stick together" ... A hemoglobin protein found only during fetal development, called gamma, ...sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/hemoglobin.html

Definition of hemoglobin - NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms

New Study of Targeted Therapies for Breast Cancer. The Nation's Investment in Cancer Research FY 2009. Cancer Trends Progress ... hemoglobin (HEE-moh-GLOH-bin) ...www.cancer.gov/Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=45108

Hemoglobin Glossary of Terms with Definitions on MedicineNet.com

Hemoglobin glossary includes a list of Hemoglobin related medical definitions and ... medical definitions of terms that appear in the Hemoglobin article. ...www.medicinenet.com/hemoglobin/glossary.htm

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News about Hemoglobin

ONGLYZA™ Significant Improvements Across Key Measures Of Glucose Control When Added To A Sulfonylurea Or ...

Medical News TodayResults from two 24-week Phase III studies presented at the 44th European Association for the Study of Diabetes Annual Meeting demonstrated that ONGLYZA™ (saxagliptin), an investigational selective inhibitor with extended binding to the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme in development by Brhttp://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/120889.php

UPI NewsTrack Health and Science News

Moldova.orgMars Lander set to run last of experimentsWASHINGTON, Sept. 10 (UPI) -- The next soil sample the U.S. space agency's Phoenix Mars Lander obtains will go to the fourth of its four wet chemistry laboratory cells.The National Aeronautics and Space Administration said the source for that sample will be the Snow White trench on the eastern end of the area reachable with Phoenix's robotic arm. In July ....http://it.moldova.org/stiri/eng/149279/

My Pharmiweb.com

PharmiWebROME, September 09, 2008 - Results from a 24-week Phase III study presented at the 44th European Association for the Study of Diabetes Annual Meeting demonstrated that ONGLYZAâ„¢ (saxagliptin), an investigational selective inhibitor with extended binding to the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme in development by Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (NYSE: BMY) and AstraZeneca (NYSE: AZN), when use...http://www.pharmiweb.com/PressReleases/pressrel.asp?ROW_ID=4...

Significant New Data For Investigational Diabetes Drug Saxagliptin Demonstrates Potential For Type 2 Diabetes Treatment

Medical News TodayNew data presented for the first time at the 44th European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Annual Meeting have added to the growing body of evidence, which demonstrates the potential of the investigational drug, saxagliptin, for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/120914.php

GPC lockout stress adds to health, financial worries

Muscatine JournalMUSCATINE, Iowa — After more than a year of discouraging news, Sara and Kurt Guhn dared to get their hopes up — only to have them dashed again Monday.http://www.muscatinejournal.com/articles/2008/09/10/news/doc...

News about Hemoglobin

Health Encyclopedia - Diseases

HealthCentral.comFrom our partner site on breast cancer , MyBreastCancerNetwork.com. Hemoglobin is a crystallizable, conjugated protein consisting of an iron-containing pigment (called heme or ... http://www.healthcentral.com/encyclopedia/408/92.html

FDA Panel Supports Anemia Drugs for Cancer Patients

Atlanta Journal ConstitutionIn kidney patients, past research has found that if these drugs are used to raise hemoglobin levels above 12 grams per deciliter of blood, the risk of death increases.http://www.ajc.com/health/content/shared-auto/healthnews/ane...

Dedicated to saving lives, giving hope

Charleston Regional Business JournalPushing South Carolina in a direction many other states had already taken, Jackson helped convince S.C. lawmakers to pass a law requiring mandatory screening for hemoglobin ... http://www.charlestonbusiness.com/current/14_18/news/12691-1...

MIT zooms in on malaria-infected cells

MIT NewsThey also show the destruction of hemoglobin, the critical molecule that red blood cells use to carry oxygen. The images are made possible by microscopy techniques that reveal tiny ... http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2008/blood-cell-0901.html

'Edible optics' could make food safer

MSNBC ... cocoons, in fact, is another key advantage.  In the September issue of the journal Biomacromolecules, Omenetto and his collaborators described embedding the compounds hemoglobin ... http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26271314/

Search results for Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin Overview

An Overview of Hemoglobin This brief overview of hemoglobin is not meant to be comprehensive. The goal is to provide sufficient background to make this Web site useful to ... http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/hemoglobin.html

Hemoglobin Tutorial

Jmol template for creating Web pages. ... To change the text size: Internet Explorer - Open the Page or View menu and use 'Text Size' to make a selectionhttp://www.umass.edu/molvis/tutorials/hemoglobin

Hemoglobin

hemoglobinhttp://www.umass.edu/microbio/chime/hemoglob/2frmcont.htm

hemoglobin - definition of hemoglobin by the Free Online Dictionary ...

n. Abbr. Hb or hg or hgb. The iron-containing respiratory pigment in red blood cells of vertebrates, consisting of about 6 percent heme and 94 percent globin.http://www.thefreedictionary.com/hemoglobin

Hemoglobin - definition of Hemoglobin in the Medical dictionary - by ...

hemoglobin /he·mo·glo·bin/ (he´mo-glo?bin) the oxygen-carrying pigment of erythrocytes, formed by developing erythrocytes in the bone marrow; a hemoprotein made up of four ... http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemoglobin
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Hemoglobin science video 3

Hemoglobin science video 3Cooperation Makes It Easier Hemoglobin is a remarkable molecular machine that uses motion and small structural changes to regulate its action. Oxygen binding at the four heme...Flash - Video

Lecture - 12 Myoglobin and Hemoglob...

Lecture - 12 Myoglobin and HemoglobinLecture Series on BioChemistry I by Prof.S.Dasgupta, Dept of Chemistry, IIT Kharagpur. For more details on NPTEl visit http://nptel.iitm.ac.inFlash - Video

Hemoglobin science video 1

Hemoglobin science video 1Hemoglobin is the protein that makes blood red. It is composed of four protein chains, two alpha chains and two beta chains, each with a ring-like heme group containing an iron...Flash - Video

Hemoglobin

HemoglobinA movie made by some guys from arvika, its pretty low quiality on the sound but thats aight though, rate and comments please!Flash - Video

Hemoglobin is the key

Hemoglobin is the keyThe genes for the protein chains of hemoglobin show small differences within different human populations, so the amino acid sequence of hemoglobin is slightly different from...Flash - Video

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hemoglobin.swf

hemoglobin.swfmammography.swf 27-Jun-2002 14:03 7k incision.swf 27-Jun-2002 11:33 7k hemoglobin.swf 27-Jun-2002 09:28 7k extremity.swf 26-Jun-2002 09:53 7kflash: 0.0 MB w:25px - h:25px

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hemo_oxydeoxy.mpgHemoglobin Oxy-DeOxy Process (MPEG) Coloring for Residues vs. Highlighting Subunit Ampeg: 7.0 MB w:512px - h:432px

hemoglobe3.mov

hemoglobe3.movOrganismal level ~6MB Cellular level ~ 10MB Molecular (hemoglobin) level ~6MB Interactive Exploration of Hemoglobin Structure 2. How fetus gets oxygen. 95% complete animations illustrating oxygenquicktime: 5.9 MB w:320px - h:240px

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micronutrient_video_3.rmTesting Capillary Blood Hemoglobin RealMedia Format, 4.2MBrealmedia: 4.1 MB w:352px - h:240px

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Answers for Hemoglobin

edwingeng07950

How many domains are in a hemoglobin? And how is it different from myoglobin?

edwingeng07950You are right about the four domains of hemoglobin and the one of myoglobin. Here's some more info: Myoglobin – Alpha helices held together by turns. Globular protein held together by hydrogen bon...
minnafob14

What is a recipe for Hemoglobin based or Perfluorocarbon based artificial blood?

minnafob14See first link for PFC. See second link for Hb-based.
raj

How do i increase hemoglobin content in blood?

rajHemoglobin is a protein folded around 4 hemes (an iron containing molecule) and is produced by brand new red blood cells indiscriminately. While there is no single food that will boost your hemoglobin...
idinahuggles

What are the health advantages of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin?

idinahugglesPeople who have sickle cell anemia from one recessive sickle cells allele and one dominant allele (ss+/ss-) are resistant to malaria. (So the advantage arises when they are heterozygous for sickle cel...
mother2b

What happens when red blood cells have a high hemoglobin count?

mother2bHemoglobin is the globular protein molecule that packs the red blood cells and carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells throughout the body. Its made of four associated polypeptide chains, each hol...

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