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In the common law, a grand jury is a type of jury which determines whether there is enough evidence for a trial. Grand juries carry out this duty by examining evidence presented to them by a prosecutor and issuing indictments, or by investigating alleged crimes and issuing presentments. A grand jury is traditionally larger than and distinguishable from a petit jury, which is used during a trial.

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Wikipedia about grand jury

In the common law, a grand jury is a type of jury which determines whether there is enough evidence for a trial. Grand juries carry out this duty by examining evidence presented to them by a prosecutor and issuing indictments, or by investigating alleged crimes and issuing presentments. A grand jury is traditionally larger than and distinguishable from a petit jury, which is used during a trial.

History

The first grand jury was held in England in 1166. The grand jury was recognized by King John in the Magna Carta in 1215 on demand of the nobility. Its roots stretch back as early as 997 A.D., when an Anglo-Saxon king, Ethelred the Unready, charged an investigative body of his reign that it should go about its duty by accusing no innocent person, and sheltering no guilty one.Fact: date=January 2008

In the early decades of the United States grand juries played a major role in public matters. During that period counties followed the traditional practice of requiring all decisions be made by at least 12 of the grand jurors, so that for a size of 23 a bare majority would be 12. Any citizen could bring a matter before it directly, from a public work that needed repair, to a delinquent official, to a complaint of a crime, and they could conduct their own investigations. In that era most criminal prosecutions were conducted by private parties, either a law enforcement officer, a lawyer hired by a crime victim or his family, or even by laymen, who could bring a bill of indictment to the grand jury, and if the grand jury found there was sufficient evidence for a trial, that the act was a crime under law, and that the court had jurisdiction, then by returning the indictment to the complainant, it appointed him to exercise the authority of an attorney general, that is, one having a general power of attorney to represent the state in the case. The grand jury served to screen out incompetent or malicious prosecutions. The advent of official public prosecutors in the later decades of the 19th century largely displaced private prosecutions, but also led to them capturing grand juries and using them in ways for which they were not originally intended.

In Ireland grand juries were active from medieval times in the English-controlled parts of the island, mainly functioning as local government authorities at the county level, as well as having a pre-trial judicial function for serious criminal cases. Members were usually wealthy landowners, farmers and merchants, who selected new members. From 1691 to 1793 Roman Catholics were excluded from membership. They were replaced by democratically-elected County Councils by the Act of 1898.cn: date=July 2008

Today

Grand juries are today virtually unknown outside the United States. England abandoned grand juries in 1933 and instead uses a committal procedure, as do all Australian jurisdictions. In Australia, although the State of Victoria maintains provisions for a grand jury in the Crimes Act 1958 under section 354 Indictments, it has been used on rare occasions by individuals to bring other persons to court seeking them to be committed for trial on indictable offenses. New Zealand abolished the grand jury in 1961. Canada abolished it in the 1970s. Today approximately half of the states in the U.S. employ them, and only twenty-two require their use, to varying extents. Most jurisdictions have abolished grand juries, replacing them with the preliminary hearing at which a judge hears evidence concerning the alleged offenses and makes a decision on whether the prosecution can proceed.

Search results for Grand Jury

Federal Grand Juries

FAQ's about Grand Juries. Federal Grand Jury Info. Multimedia ... Size of the grand jury. Quorum of jurors needed to conduct business ... Grand jury functions ...campus.udayton.edu/~grandjur/fedj/fedj.htm

Court Information: Grand Jury

The grand jury concept has a long history and has adapted throughout the ... Participation in Grand Jury investigation and discussion is a rich and rewarding ...www.glenncourt.ca.gov/court_info/grand_jury.html

Sacramento Grand Jury

Sacramento County Grand Jury Web Site ... The 2007-2008 Sacramento Grand Jury Final Report is now available on this Web site. ...www.sacgrandjury.org/default.asp

County Of Los County - Grand Jury

... Foltz, Criminal Justice Center. County of Los Angeles, Civil Grand Jury. 210 W. Temple Street, 11th Floor, Room 11-506. Los Angeles, CA 90012. Telephone: (213) ...grandjury.co.la.ca.us/

First State Judiciary - Grand Jury Handbook

The grand jury came with the colonists from England. ... The grand jury is both a shield and a sword of ... Grand jury service is a high duty of citizenship. ...courts.delaware.gov/Jury%20Services/?jurorgrand.htm

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News about Grand Jury

Ross County Grand Jury Indictments

94.3 WKKJ-FM ChillicotheDuring its Friday session, the Ross County Grand Jury indicted a Chillicothe man for ramming his truck into a limosine that was carrying his estranged wife.http://www.wkkj.com/cc-common/mainheadlines3.html?feed=10675...

Grand jury indicts man for murder

Jefferson City News TribuneA Jefferson City man now faces a first-degree murder charge in the killing of a man last month. The Cole County Grand Jury has indicted Stephen L. Cook, 48, of 3714 Randall. He had been charged with second-degree murder in the Sept. 5 death of Cornelius Williams, 33.http://www.newstribune.com/articles/2008/10/03/news_local/08...

Grand jury return drug indictments against six

Morris Daily HeraldThe Grundy County Circuit Court grand jury convened Wednesday and returned indictments against 19 defendants, including six for drug offenses.http://www.morrisdailyherald.com/articles/2008/10/03/news/33...

Former coach wins review of grand jury demand

Nevada AppealFired UNR women's soccer coach Terri Patraw on Thursday won a Supreme Court order sending her demand for a grand jury investigation of the University of Nevada, Reno back to district court for a hearing.http://www.nevadaappeal.com/article/20081003/SPORTS/81002995...

Grand jury hears Scola case

Worcester Telegram & GazetteWORCESTER - An investigative grand jury has been hearing evidence in the 2002 stabbing death of Candace Allen Scola, the Telegram & Gazette has learned.http://www.telegram.com/article/20081003/NEWS/810030627/1008...

News about Grand Jury

WBKO Hometown Hero

WBKOLaurel County Coroner Douglas Bowling said Nose died of hyperthermia. Reckless homicide is a felony punishable by ten to 20 years in prison. A grand jury will determine whether to indict Long on October 13. Officials at the Laurel County jail said Long ... http://www.wbko.com/home/headlines/30871834.html

Man gets 10 years for child porn downloads

KGOGilbert Haro was indicted by a federal grand jury on Feb. 19 and charged with one count of Receipt of Child Pornography, Russoniello said. On July 18, Haro pleaded guilty to having knowingly downloaded images of sexual acts involving prepubescent ... http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/story?section=news/local/san_fran...

Editorial: Pa. Shield Law

Philadelphia InquirerThe law provides an "absolute protection" of a source's identity, even if the information involves a grand-jury proceeding. The same protection doesn't exist at the federal level, despite recent efforts in Washington. The House overwhelmingly approved ... http://www.philly.com/inquirer/opinion/20081006_Editorial__P...

Two Europeans indicted for US cyberattacks

ZDNetTwo Europeans, one of whom is English, have been indicted by a US federal grand jury in connection with a 2003 distributed denial-of-service attack that is the focus of a major FBI investigation. The two men, who are not in custody, were indicted as ... http://news.zdnet.com/2424-9595_22-239395.html

Prosecutors Seek to Delay Sentencing of Political Fundraiser Tony ...

FOX NewsTwo attorneys familiar with the investigation, speaking only on condition of anonymity because grand jury matters are secret, said last week that federal prosecutors were contacting the lawyers of a number of campaign contributors and others with ... http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,433624,00.html

Search results for Grand Jury

American Grand Jury Foundation

Welcome! The following list explains the content of our Web pages. Briefly and somewhat ambitiously stated, our purpose is to inspire a “civic awakening” among our fellow ... http://www.grandjuryfoundation.org/

Grand Jury Association of Lake County, CA

Grand Jury Association of Lake County, CA ... Welcome to the Grand Jury Association of Lake County Home Page. We meet from 4:30 to 6 PM on the 2nd Tues. of every Month.http://grandjuryassn.org

Grand Jury

Butte County Grand Jury ... The Grand Jury Reports are  very large files.  Depending on your internet connection speed, it will take time to download.  Please be patient and ... http://www.buttecounty.net/Default.aspx?tabid=30

Sacramento County

How The Grand Jury Is Organized The Foreperson is appointed by the Court at the impanelment; the Foreperson facilitates the activities of the Jury.http://www.sacgrandjury.org/documents/GrandJuryBrochure.pdf

Grand Jury

AUGUST GRAND JURY MEETING DATES: Monday Tuesday Monday Tuesday Monday Tuesday Monday Monday August 5, 2002 August 6, 2002http://www.lexingtonprosecutor.com/grand.htm
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Answers for Grand Jury

QuestionAsker123

How long does a grand jury usually last?

QuestionAsker123In NJ, people who get grand jury duty serve 18 weeks, one day per week and spend that entire day hearing various cases
zatoichix1

How do I get out of serving Grand Jury duty?

zatoichix1
baby50boy

How do you know if your case went before the grand jury?

baby50boyWhile two years seems like a long time, I don't think you're out of the woods yet. The state still has 5 more years to indict you. I can't speak for Georgia law but the procedure typically is as follo...
charles j

what is the purpose and function of a grand jury? and why is it held in secret?

charles jGrand Juries hand out indictments...Not all states have them. Basically it insures that the states has a decent chance to convict and spare both the taxpayers and the prospective criminal the expense...
BigD

Can a grand jury proceeding be held w/o the knowledge of the accused?

BigDYes, they can. An indictment just a group of citizens reviewing the states evidence to see if there enough evidence for it to go to trial. They are also confidential, and not even the accused gets to ...

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