Diabetes mellitus (IPAEng: ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz or /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtəs/, /məˈlaɪtəs/ or /ˈmɛlətəs/), often referred to simply as diabetes (Ancient Greek: lang: διαβήτης compass, dividers stemming from the verb lang: διαβαίνειν "to pass through", consisting of the prefix lang: δια dia across, through and the verb lang: βαίνειν bainein to go, to walk) , is a syndrome of disordered metabolism, usually due to a combination of hereditary and environmental causes, resulting in abnormally high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). Diabetes affects aproximately 18,000,000 children and adults in the United States, and perhaps 420,000,000 persons worldwide. Many millions of persons have diabetes but have not yet been diagnosed. Blood glucose levels are controlled by a complex interaction of multiple chemicals and hormones in the body, including the hormone insulin made in the beta cells of the pancreas. Diabetes mellitus refers to the group of diseases that lead to high blood glucose levels due to defects in either insulin secretion or insulin action in the body.
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