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Croup is a group of respiratory diseases that often affect infants and children under age 6. It is characterized by a barking cough; a whistling, obstructive sound (stridor) as the child breathes in; and hoarseness due to obstruction in the region of the larynx. It may be mild, moderate or severe, and severe cases, with breathing difficulty, can be fatal if not treated in a hospital.

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Wikipedia About Croup

Croup is a group of respiratory diseases that often affect infants and children under age 6. It is characterized by a barking cough; a whistling, obstructive sound (stridor) as the child breathes in; and hoarseness due to obstruction in the region of the larynx. It may be mild, moderate or severe, and severe cases, with breathing difficulty, can be fatal if not treated in a hospital.

Presentation

Croup affects 5% of children in the second year of life; the peak incidence is between 7 and 36 months. The group of respiratory diseases consists of spasmotic croup, acute laryngotracheitis, laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB), laryngotracheobronchopneumitis (LTBP), and laryngeal diphtheria. LTB and LTBP, which usually involve a bacterial infection, are usually severe.

The first step in diagnosis is to exclude other acute obstructive illnesses in the region of the larynx, such as epiglottitis, a foreign body, or angioneurotic edema of the epiglottis. Misdiagnosing an obstructive airway disease can be fatal.

Signs and symptoms

Croup is characterized by a harsh "barking" cough and sneeze, inspiratory stridor (a high-pitched sound heard on inhalation), nausea/vomiting, and fever. Hoarseness is usually present. More severe cases will have respiratory distress.

The "barking" cough (often described as a "seal like bark") of croup is diagnostic. Stridor will be provoked or worsened by agitation or crying. If stridor is also heard when the child is calm, critical narrowing of the airway may be imminent.

In diagnosing croup, it is important for the physician to consider and exclude other causes of shortness of breath and stridor, such as foreign body aspiration and epiglottitis.

On a frontal X-ray of the C-spine, the steeple sign suggests the diagnosis of croup.

Causes

Croup is most often caused by parainfluenza virus, primarily types 1 and 2 (some definitions limit the term "croup" to this pathogen). However, other viral and possibly bacterial infections can also cause it. It is most common in the fall and winter but can occur year-round, with a slight predilection for males.

The respiratory distress is caused by the inflammatory response to the infection, rather than by the infection itself. It usually occurs in young children as their airways are smaller and differently shaped than adults', making them more susceptible. There is some element of genetic predisposition as children in some families are more susceptible than others.

An entity known as spasmodic croup also occurs, distinct from the infectious variety, due to laryngeal spasms.

Treatment

The Alberta Clinical Practice Guideline Working Group has developed guidelines for diagnosing and treating croup, including a scoring system for classifying severity. The severe form (which affected less than 1% of children seen in the emergency department) involves breathing difficulties, indicated by stridor, chest retractions, agitation and distress. Lethargy or decreased level of consciousness is a sign of impending respiratory failure, and requires emergency medical treatment. LTB and LTBP are usually severe, and require treatment in the intensive care unit, with a endotracheal (ET) tube to assist breathing, and antibiotics.

Search results for Croup

croup: Definition from Answers.com

More about Croup: Causes and symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Alternative treatment Prognosis Prevention Resources Croup Definition Croup is a commonwww.answers.com/topic/croup

Croup-Topic Overview

Croup is a common respiratory problem characterized by a harsh, barking cough. ... Breathing in moist air seems to help during a croup attack. ...children.webmd.com/tc/croup-topic-overview

AAP PARENTING CORNER Q & A: CROUP

Croup is an infection that causes a swelling of the voice box (larynx) and ... While croup is a common illness in young children, it can be scary for parents ...www.aap.org/publiced/BR_Croup.htm

eMedicine - Croup : Article by Ami Desai

Croup is a generic term that encompasses a heterogeneous group of relatively ... The word croup derives from an old Scottish term roup, which means "to cry out ...www.emedicine.com/radio/topic199.htm

Croup

Croup is an infection that often comes after a child experiences an acute viral ... appear to be particularly prone to croup and have a number of infections. ...www.emedicinehealth.com/croup/article_em.htm

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News about Croup

Historical Society plans Home, Garden tour; bus trip to Grass Valley

Elk Grove CitizenTwo upcoming tours, one of historic homes and gardens in the Elk Grove area and one to Grass Valley, are being planned by the Elk Grove Historical Society, and both are open to members and the public.http://www.egcitizen.com/articles/2008/09/04/news/doc48bebbf...

Nigeria: Microfinance Banks to Set Up Interbank Market

AllAfrica.comMicrofinance Banks in the country have commenced moves to set up an interbank money market for the sub-sector.http://allafrica.com/stories/200809010561.html

Chance parking-lot encounter brings 'angel' for family's dog

Arizona Daily StarThe recipient of this week's Ben's Bell is Lynda Mullins, who helped save the life of a family's beloved pet despite the fact that she didn't even know them.http://www.azstarnet.com/sn/metro/255227.php

Group considers appeal in Medicaid contract case

Honolulu AdvertiserThe Hawaii Coalition for Health said it is studying whether it should appeal the dismissal its federal lawsuit challenging the state's award of $1.5 billion of Medicaid contracts to two Mainland-based health plans.http://www.honoluluadvertiser.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=...

Board revamps liquor sales law

The Morning Sun Under a resolution adopted Friday by the Crawford County Board of Commissioners, the owners of establishments that serve alcohol in unincorporated areas of the county will be required to prove a percentage of their business comes from food sales before they'll be allowed to admit minors.   County counselor Jim Emerson drafted the resolution with the help of Sheriff Sandy Horton and County ...http://www.morningsun.net/news/x256655253/Board-revamps-liqu...

News about Croup

TLC (Tender Loving Care) is better than OTC drugs for colds

Saudi GazetteYou should call the doctor at the first sign of illness in children younger than 3 months, since a common cold can quickly develop into croup, pneumonia or other serious illnesses. Call the doctor if your child: Isn’t urinating as often as usual Has a ... http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.con&con...

LAist interview: Danielle Fishel of the Dish

Laist.comI remember one time I had croup, that hacking cough. My mom was stressed out because I couldn't sleep and I couldn't breathe. She called the hospital and they said wrap her up in sweats and put her in the car and drive around with the windows down ... http://laist.com/2008/10/09/laist_interview_danielle_fishel_...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

HealthCentral.comIn infants and young children, RSV can cause pneumonia, bronchiolitis (inflammation of the small airways of the lungs), and croup. In healthy adults and older children, RSV is usually a mild respiratory illness. Although studies have shown that people ... http://www.healthcentral.com/asthma/complications-7868-108.h...

See what's cooking in the WSAZ kitchen.

WSAZCHARLESTON, W.Va. (WSAZ) -- Dr. Art Rubin at ABC Pediatrics in Charleston says the biggest issues he's seeing are croup, allergic rhinitis, and strep throat. The story is pretty similar in Roane County. Health care providers at Roane General Hospital ... http://www.wsaz.com/news/headlines/29633974.html

Acid Reflux Linked to Chronic Croup

MedicineNet.comSUNDAY, Sept. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Children who have continuing recurrence of croup could be suffering from stomach acid reflux problems, University of Utah researchers report. Croup is typically recognized by a loud cough that often sounds like ... http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=92...

Search results for Croup

Croup-Topic Overview

Croup is a common respiratory problem characterized by a harsh, barking cough. Learn the symptoms and treatments of croup in children.http://children.webmd.com/tc/Croup-Topic-Overview

Croup - MayoClinic.com

Croup b Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, treatment of this common childhood condition. ... Definition. Croup, which is marked by a harsh, repetitive cough similar to the ... http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/croup/DS00312

Croup

Croup is an infection that often comes after a child experiences an acute viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. The infection may extend from the vocal cords (larynx) tohttp://www.emedicinehealth.com/croup/article_em.htm

MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Croup

Alternative Names Return to top. Viral croup; Laryngotracheobronchitis - acute; Spasmodic croup. Definition Return to top. Croup is breathing difficulty accompanied by a ... http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000959.htm

Croup and Your Child -- familydoctor.org

Information for parents about croup from the American Academy of Family Physicians. ... Croup is an infection usually caused by a virus. It causes the trachea (windpipe) and larynx ... http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/children/parent...
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Humidity Does Not Relieve Symptoms ...

Humidity Does Not Relieve Symptoms of CroupA new study shows that treatment of croup with humidity does not actually relieve symptoms. Dr. Mallika Marshall reports.Video - Video

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I've Got the Croup

I've Got the Croup19 months. First ER trip. Hopefully the last.Flash - Video

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Answers for Croup

MontagueMomDaughter finished treatment for Croup, but is still coughing?MontagueMomThe cough can hang aroung for a while after the diagnosis. This is normal due to the body trying to eliminate mucus and other things in the lungs and airways. The steroid will keep her airway open for...ViviannaHow do you know if your child might have croup?ViviannaIf you're not sure if your child has croup, your doctor can diagnose it. The most common symptoms of croup are fever, hoarseness and a barking, hacking cough. Croup may also cause a crowing noise (cal...Valerie HHow contageous is Croup in a daycare center?Valerie HThis is one con of daycare children are exposed to germs but there are many pros too. Than again your child may not have gotten it from day care. It's no use to try and figure out where exactly she ...HelloIs it possible for your baby to have croup from cold AC?Hellothe two links support my conclusion. Most a/c reduce the amount of humidity in the air (the less water in the air, the less heat it can contain). those two research studies basically said that as l...Dana EWhen does Croup begin to be contagious?Dana ECroup is not contagious.The girl may have had a cold that developed into croup.The cold itself may have been contagious but croup is not.Just take your daughter to the doc so you can perhaps head off ...
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