Note that kinetic energy increases with the square of the velocity (E = 1/2·m·v2 relationship). This means that if the speed of a vehicle doubles, it has four times as much energy. The brakes must therefore dissipate four times as much energy to stop it and consequently the braking distance is four times as long.
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Note that kinetic energy increases with the square of the velocity (E = 1/2·m·v2 relationship). This means that if the speed of a vehicle doubles, it has four times as much energy. The brakes must therefore dissipate four times as much energy to stop it and consequently the braking distance is four times as long.
Brakes of some description are fitted to most wheeled vehicles, including automobiles of all kinds, trucks, trains, motorcycles, and bicycles. Baggage carts and shopping carts may have them for use on a moving ramp.
Some aeroplanes are fitted with wheel brakes on the undercarriage. Some aircraft also feature air brakes designed to reduce their speed in flight. Notable examples include gliders and some WWII-era aircraft, primarily some fighters and many dive bombers of the era. These allow the aircraft to maintain a safe speed in a steep descent. The Saab B 17 dive bomber used the deployed undercarriage as an air brake.
Deceleration and avoiding acceleration when going downhill can also be achieved by using a low gear; see engine braking.
Friction brakes on cars store the heat in the rotating part (drum brake or disc brake) during the brake application and release it to the air gradually.
Effects on noise pollution
Hypermiling
Because braking (except regenerative braking) converts kinetic energy into heat energy, it wastes energy that was used earlier to gather speed. Additionally, regenerative braking is not 100% efficient at recovering energy. Some drivers use various techniques to minimize braking to save fuel (see hypermiling).
See also
- Archaic past tense of break (see brake)
- Air brake (aircraft)
- Air brake (rail)
- Air brake (road vehicle)
- Anchor
- Bicycle brake systems
- Brake-by-wire (or electromechanical braking)
- Brake lining
- Brake bleeding
- Brake pad
- Brake shoe
- Breeching (tack)
- Bundy tube
- Disc brake
- Drum brake
- Electromagnetic brake
- Electronic Parking Brake
- Engine braking
- Hand brake
- Hydraulic brake
- Jake brake also known as J braking
- Just Brakes
- Line lock
- Overrun brake
- Parking brake
- Railway brake
- Regenerative braking
- Threshold braking
- Trail braking
- Vehicle brake
