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For the use of biological agents in warfare, see Biological warfare.

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Wikipedia About Bioterrorism

For the use of biological agents in warfare, see Biological warfare.

Bioterrorism is terrorism by intentional release or dissemination of biological agents (bacteria, viruses or toxins); these may be in a naturally-occurring or in a human-modified form.

Definition

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 1:

A bioterrorism attack is the deliberate release of viruses, bacteria, or other germs (agents) used to cause illness or death in people, animals, or plants. These agents are typically found in nature, but it is possible that they could be changed to increase their ability to cause disease, make them resistant to current medicines, or to increase their ability to be spread into the environment. Biological agents can be spread through the air, through water, or in food. Terrorists may use biological agents because they can be extremely difficult to detect and do not cause illness for several hours to several days. Some bioterrorism agents, like the smallpox virus, can be spread from person to person and some, like anthrax, cannot.

History

Biological terrorism dates as far back as ancient Roman civilization, where dead and rotting animals were thrown into wells to poison water supplies (Bock, 2001.) This early version of biological terrorism was used to destroy enemy forces covertly. It continued on into the 14th century where the bubonic plague was used to infiltrate enemy cities, both by instilling the fear of infection in residences, in hopes that they would evacuate, and also to destroy defending forces that would not yield to the attack. The use of disease as a weapon in this stage of history exhibited a lack of control aggressors had over their own biological weapons. Primitive medical technology provided limited means of protection for the aggressor and a battle's surrounding geographical regions. After the battle was won, the inability to contain enemies who escaped death led to widespread epidemics affecting not only the enemy forces, but also surrounding regions' inhabitants. Due to the use of these biological weapons, and the apparent lack of medical advancement necessary to defend surrounding regions from them, widespread epidemics such as the bubonic plague quickly moved across all of Western Europe, destroying a large portion of its population. The victims of biological terrorism in fact became weapons themselves. This was noted in the Middle Ages, but medical advancements had not progressed far enough to prevent the consequences of a weapons use (Eitzen and Takafuji, 1997).

In the 15th century, smallpox was used on contaminated clothing to defeat South American and Native American forces (Bock, 2001). Again, the use of biological weapons, for which limited protection and containment was available, led to casualties on both sides of battles. Bioterrorism continued to be an effective method of weakening an adversary but it was also difficult to contain. In the Revolutionary War, colonists were vaccinated from the smallpox virus and then used the virus to intentionally infect enemies. This demonstrated a major advancement in the evolution of bioterrorism. Once the ability to defend from biological warfare became possible through medical advancement, the weapons became far more valuable.

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APIC | Bioterrorism Resources

Bioterrorism. Influenza Resources. Surveillance Technology. Surveillance ... Greater Prince William Chem-Bio Terrorism Preparedness Committee, this quick ...www.apic.org/Content/NavigationMenu/PracticeGuidance/Topics/...

Bioterrorism - Center for the Study of Bioterrorism - Saint Louis ...

Center for the Study of Bioterrorism and Emerging Infections conducts research and provides public health and healthcare education and reference materials for ...www.bioterrorism.slu.edu/bt.htm

ACP: Bioterrorism

This ACP-ASIM resource center provides information on bioterrorism that is vital to all practicing physicians. ... Bioterrorism Summaries from Annual Session 2002 ...www.acponline.org/bioterro/

Bioterrorism Preparedness, Bacterial Agents, Facts, Types and ...

Learn about types of bioterrorism and preparedness (food supply, vaccine), bacterial agents (Ebola virus) and ... is carried out in the U.S. Why "bio" terrorism? ...www.medicinenet.com/bioterrorism/article.htm

Bioterrorism - Minnesota Dept. of Health

Bioterrorism Basics. Find out how bioterrorism might affect you, what you can do to prepare, and what ... Bioterrorism Diseases ...www.health.state.mn.us/bioterrorism/index.html

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News about Bioterrorism

Rethinking Who Should Be Considered "Essential" During a Pandemic Flu Outbreak

NewswiseNot only are doctors, nurses, and firefighters essential during a severe pandemic influenza outbreak. So, too, are truck drivers, communications personnel, and utility workers. That's the conclusion of a Johns Hopkins University article to be published in the Journal of Biosecurity and Bioterrorism.http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/544856/?sc=rsmn

Mail may be best way for anthrax treatment

UPI WASHINGTON, Oct. 2 (UPI) -- U.S. Health and Human Services Secretary Mike Leavitt said he sees the mail as a quick way to deliver antibiotics in case of an anthrax attack.http://www.upi.com/Top_News/2008/10/02/Mail_may_be_best_way_...

Role for Mailmen in Case of Anthrax Attack

New York TimesFederal health officials are beginning a project to let letter carriers stockpile personal supplies of emergency antibiotics so they are protected and ready to deliver aid to others.http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/02/us/02mailman.html

Letter Carriers may provide first defense against anthrax attack

KJRH-TV TulsaU.S. Postal workers may bring vital medicine to customers in the event of an anthrax attackhttp://www.kjrh.com/news/local/story.aspx?content_id=2d002fc...

Mailmen might deliver meds in next anthrax attack

AP via Yahoo! News If there ever is another anthrax attack, the letter carrier may deliver your antibiotics. Federal health officials are beginning a project in Minneapolis-St. Paul to let letter carriers stockpile a personal supply of emergency antibiotics so they are protected and ready to deliver aid to the rest of the city at a moment's notice.http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20081001/ap_on_go_ca_st_pe/med_an...

News about Bioterrorism

Japanese Researchers Develop New Smallpox Vaccine

BusinessWeek"The threat of smallpox bioterrorism has prompted reconsideration of the need for smallpox vaccination," the researchers noted. "Serious events associated with first-generation vaccines #133; have raised obstacles to vaccination campaigns in the ... http://www.businessweek.com/lifestyle/content/healthday/6248...

Obama to tap ex-N.Y. health official for FDA

San Francisco GateHamburg is a well-known bioterrorism expert who served as an assistant health secretary during the Clinton administration and helped lay the groundwork for much of the government's bioterrorism preparations and pandemic flu planning. But she may be ... http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/03/12/...

Temple U. to run $19 million public health program

Philadelphia InquirerThe Public Health Law Research program aims to identify which laws best address issues including chronic diseases and emergencies such as floods, bioterrorism and epidemics. Funding comes from the New Jersey-based Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. It ... http://www.philly.com/philly/wires/ap/news/state/pennsylvani...

Gamezone: 'Resident Evil 5'

Chicago Sun-TimesIn two-player mode, a friend has the option of playing as Sheva Alomar, a West African member of the Bioterrorism Security Assessment Alliance. If you're going it alone, Sheva is controlled by artificial intelligence and you play as franchise regular ... http://www.suntimes.com/entertainment/videogames/1474069,WKP...

Ex-NASA official indicted for ethics breach

MSN MoneyCentralMississippi State said when it received the grant that it was using the money to develop a "Google for NASA research" — a computerized, one-stop database for Earth science research that could impact climate change, bioterrorism, transportation and ... http://moneycentral.msn.com/inc/news/providerredir.asp?feed=...

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Bioterrorism

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Improving the health, safety, and well-being of Americahttp://www.hhs.gov/disasters/emergency/manmadedisasters/biot...

Bioterrorism - Medscape Resource Center

With the latest news, reference material, literature selections and continuing education about potential bioterrorism agents, this resource center is designed to help healthcare ... http://www.medscape.com/resource/bioterr

Center for the Study of Bioterrorism and Emerging Infections - Saint ...

The Institute for Biosecurity at Saint Louis developed advanced degree programs to educate professionals about the history and contemporary threats of terrorism and emerging ... http://www.bioterrorism.slu.edu/

The Bioterrorism Act of 2002

Bioterrorism Act of 2002 ... The Bioterrorism Act of 2002. Sign up for Bioterrorism Act email updates.http://www.fda.gov/oc/bioterrorism/bioact.html

Safety and Health Topics: Bioterrorism

Bioterrorism is the intentional use of micro-organisms to bring about ill effects or death to humans, livestock, or crops. The use of micro-organisms to cause disease is a ... http://osha.gov/SLTC/bioterrorism/index.html

Wikipedia results for Bioterrorism

Bioterrorism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bioterrorism is terrorism by intentional release or dissemination of biological agents (bacteria, viruses or toxins); these may be in a naturally-occurring or in a human-modified ... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioterrorism

Model State Emergency Health Powers Act - Wikipedia, the free ...

The Model State Emergency Health Powers Act (MSEHPA) is a proposal by the Center for Law and the Public's Health, a joint venture of Georgetown University and Johns Hopkins ... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_State_Emergency_Health_Po...

1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The 1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack was the food poisoning of more than 750 individuals in The Dalles, Oregon, United States through the contamination of salad bars at ten local ... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Rajneeshee_bioterror_attac...

Anthrax vaccines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The vaccinations will be required for most military units and civilian contractors assigned to homeland bioterrorism defense or deployed in Iraq, Afghanistan or South Korea.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax_Vaccine

Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness Response Act ...

Signed into effect on 12 June 2002, the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness Response Act, (PHSBPRA) was signed by the President, the Department of Health and Human ... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Health_Security_and_Biot...
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Robin Williams - BioTerrorism

Robin Williams - BioTerrorismKeith Richards AnthraxFlash - Video

Preparing for the Inevitable: Biote...

Preparing for the Inevitable: Bioterrorism and Emerging Infectious DiseasesPreparing for the Inevitable: Bioterrorism and Emerging Infectious Diseases was held on June 9th, 2005 in the Library of Congress, Washington DC. The conference featured Senators...Flash - Video

Bird flu - natural bio-terrorism

Bird flu - natural bio-terrorismBird flu - natural bio-terrorismMPEG 4 - Video

BIOTERRORISM

BIOTERRORISMBioterrorism is the utilization of microorganisms or toxins in order to produce a disease and/or death in human beings, animals or plants. Different from conventional weaponry,...Flash - Video

In Lies We Trust: The CIA, Hollywoo...

In Lies We Trust: The CIA, Hollywood & Bioterrorism Part 2 of 16Are we winning the wars officials say we must? Wars against cancer, AIDS and terrorism? Hollywood films and health officials herald happy endings, but family and friends...Flash - Video

Answers for Bioterrorism

KikiDo we have enough filtering and things to be prepared for bioterrorism?KikiNo. The government wants you to think you are so that you will be complacent and not be fearful. The fact is that you have NOTHING in your home that will protect you from bioterrorism. NO grocery s...snapple232How big of a threat is bioterrorism?snapple232this is an issue of scale. in the middle east, they are happy with returns of <50 people. we think in terms of thousands. getting and delivering pathogen of sufficient size to do significant damage...RolaWhat precautions we should take or how can we be prepared for any upcoming bioterrorism event?RolaPreparation for any bioterrorism event? It all depends on what the terrorists would use against us. For example, putting anthrax into our mails, shooting us with ricin-coated bullets, using T-Virus th...justmixxxitwhat is the most recent news on bioterrorism?justmixxxitwhat do you think HIV/aids is ?penjewel31Is bioterrorism possibly to blame for the latest salmonella outbreak?penjewel31Are you talking about the tomato scare. The answer is NO. It was blown grossly out of proportion to promote corporate interests. How many people became ill or died from the tomatoes? How many pe...
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