Mania (from Greek μανία from μαίνομαι - mainomai, "to rage, to be furious") is a state of abnormally elevated or irritable mood, arousal, and/ or energy levels, which is a criterion for certain psychiatric diagnoses. There are several possible causes for mania including drug abuse and brain tumors, but it is most often associated with bipolar disorder, where episodes of mania alternate with episodes of major depression. These cycles may relate to diurnal rhythms and environmental stressors. Mania varies in intensity, from mild mania (known as hypomania) to full-blown mania with psychotic features (hallucinations and delusions). Mania and hypomania have also been associated with creativity and artistic talent. In the most severe cases, however, manic patients may need to be hospitalized to protect themselves and others.

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